SINDHI IN 1941
January 1st:The arrest of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, the Congress President, under the Defense of India Rules created a good deal of sensation all throughout the country. He was sentenced to 18 months’ simple imprisonment. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]. The reaction was also failed in Sindh.
January 1st:At a meeting of Sikh leaders at Lahore, it was decided to form a Khalsa League for the defense of India. One of its objects was to maintain the Sikh proportion to India’s armed strength. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]. It was big news for Sikhs of SIndh they starting organizing themselves.
January 1st:Sj. Subhas Chandra Bose disappeared from his house in Calcutta. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]. He was a political ideal of so many sindhi Hindus and they took his appearance as a brave action.
January 1st:Mr. V. D. Savarkar, President of the Hindu Mahasabha in an interview in Madras, regarding his impression of the Mahasabha session at Madras, and said: “Not only in the Punjab, Maharastra or Bihar but in the province of Madras also the Hindus have awakened to the consciousness of their own power and the necessity of guarding their own interests. The Congress is now bound to be, day by day, more and more afraid of sacrificing Hindu interests”.[The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941] Sindhi Hindus were also associated with Hindu Mahasabha and opened its branch in Sindh also. Such type of statements were political guidance and guidelines for them.
January 1st: Goverdan Asrani is born in a middle class Hindu Sindhi family, popularly known simply as Asrani. He was an Indian actor and director whose Bollywood career spanned five decades. He played in both Hindi and Gujarati films, and his roles include lead hero performances, character roles, comedic roles, as well as supporting parts. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
January 7th: His Holiness Sirdar Syedua Tabar Saifuddin Saheb Bahadur, High Pontiff of the Dawoodi Bohra community, addressing the students of the Aujuman Industrial School in Madras observed : “The advancement of Islam depends on the strict observance of its fundamentals and therefore every young Muslims should adhere to them and do everything to put them into practice.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]In Karachi there were handsome number of Bohra community people.
January 9th: “Alwahid”, daily of Karachi, supports Dr.Allama Daudpotos’s stand about changes brought for printing of Text Books. Some of Hindus were against such changes this controversy was started in last of 1939 when Dr. Daudpoto brought some changes for the correct punctuation of words. It was because of this controversy that Sindhi Adabi board was constituted on 14th of August 1940. [Gul Hayat Collection]
January 10th:Mr. M. A. Jinnah President of All-India Muslim League, speaking at the annual meeting of the Moslem Educational Service League in Bombay, expressed the view that India would be able to lay down a “Monroe doctrine” for the country once the Hindus and Muslims made up their difference and were settled in their respective homelands. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
January 12th: Mahatma Budhdev presides over Hindu Conference at Hyderabad. It is addressed by Gokaldas, Dharamdas Belaram; Giyani Tirah Singar; Diwan Choharsing; Duwarka Parsad; Gurdinomal; Rai Sahai,; Professor Tarachand; Narsinglal;Chetandev Verma and Ladharam. Political situation with special reference to Hindu segment of Sindh is discussed. [Gul Hayat Collection]
January 12th:Acharya Kripalani General Secretary of the Indian National Congress issued a circular to all provincial Congress Committees in the course of which he said that the celebration of “Independence Day” on January 26 had a “special significance.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]This may kindly be kept in mind that Acharya Kripalani was Sindhi by Birth.
Mr. J.B Kripalani, analyzing the working of the Defense of India Rules in the various provinces, wrote among the other things, “The Government of India and the Provincial Governments in their Handling of the present satyagraha movement seem to have lost hold on reason and reality. There is some kind of imperial logic behind the rejection of Congress demand for a clarification of war aims and the refusal of a national Government. Such things have been done in the past by short-sighted imperialism , averse to parting with power. But what passes all comprehension is the way of dealing with the present movement.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
January 15th: Dokri Muslim League demands the appointment of Dr. Daudpoto as Director of Public Instructions (D.P.I = Education) on permanent basis. The meeting also congratulates Mir Bandah Ali Khan on his joining Muslim League. [Gul Hayat Collection]
January 16th: Pending Mahatma Gandhi’s approval of the suggestion for wholesale withdrawal of Congressman from local bodies. Dr. Rajendra Prasad advised Congressmen in local bodies to withhold form either resigning their seats or taking part in the Satyagraha. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]. The instructions of Gandhi were followed in letter and spirit by Sindh Congress.
January 18th: The Working Committee of the Hindu Mahasabha held its first day’s sitting in the Hindu Mahasabha Bhawan in New Dehli, with Dr. Shyama Prasad Mookerjee, Working President of the Hindu Mahasabha in the Chair. It was resolved that leading members of the working Committee should undertake an extensive tour throughout India. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]. This may kindly be noted that there were members from Sindh Hindus on the working Committee of the Hindu Mahasabha.
January 19th : The Arya Samaj held a meeting in Karachi on the 19th January when a resolution was passed protesting against the policy of the Punjab Government in making Urdu compulsory in the primary schools of the Punjab. [Gul Hayat Collection]
January 19th:In order to prepare the Sikhs for the defense of India by all possible means such maintaining and strengthening their special position in the armed forces- and to work for the early Indianization of all the defense forces, a Khalsa Defense of India League was formed at a meeting of Sikh leaders from all over the Punjab at Lahore. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]. Sikhs living in SIndh also started following such steps.
January 20th: Dr. Choithram P. Gidvani, President of the Sind Provincial Congress Committee, in an interview at Karachi, said ; “Mahatma Gandhi is quite happy about the way in which the Satyagraha movement is going on in this country. He is satisfied with the results.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941].
January 21st: The Sind Provincial Trade Union Congress organized a public meeting to observe Lenin Day. Mr. N. A. Bechar, M.L.A. , presided. Speeches were made praising inter alia, the Soviet Republic and characterizing the present war as between two capitalist powers. Photos of Lenin, Karl Marx and Stalin were taken out in procession.[Gul Hayat Collection]
January 21st: The Daily “Alwahid” , in its editorial give comments on the SIndh Assembly Advisory Committee, its formation and performance. The same editorial is available in Gul Hayat Institute Library. [Gul Hayat Collection]
January 22nd: Press Report on the subject of the ““Circular of the Sindh Provincial Muslim League” is published in Daily “Alwahid” Karachi. The photo stat copy of the Press Report is available at Gul Hayat. [Gul Hayat Collection]”.
January 22nd: The meeting of the Dokri Sindh Muslim League is held in so many resolution are passed and it is demanded that government must not favor or pass joint electorate bill, because it will be not in the interest of Sind Muslims.[Gul Hayat Collection]
January 24th : Press Report on the subject of the “Meeting of the Sindh Provincial Muslim League” is published in Daily “Alwahid” Karachi. The photo stat copy of the Press Report is available at Gul Hayat. [Gul Hayat Collection]
Januaray 24th: India’s new Commander in-chief, General Sir Claude Auhinleck reached New Dehli to take over Command from General Sir Robert Cassels on January 26th. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
January (Second Half): There is a general feeling that the war is taking a course more favorable to the Allies, but it cannot be said that interest in the news is particularly marked. The news from North Africa has tended to act as a soporific. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of January 1941, 8th February 1941.]
January (Second Half): In his fortnightly secret report send to Viceroy of India, the Governor of Sind writes that “The Sind Raj Aryan Samelan convened an Anti-Pakistan Conference in Hyderabad which was attended by about 900 persons. Resolution were passed protesting against the Pakistan scheme and threatening that its enforcement would be resisted with all constitutional means, including that of “Defensive Violence”.[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of January 1941, 8th February 1941.]
January (Second Half):The Secret Sindh Officials reports say that “The attitude of the press continues to be friendly. Success of the British in Africa are not only given due prominence but are also commented upon in leading articles in all the prominent newspaper. The occupation of Sicily by the German troops is regarded as an exhibition of Mussolini’s utter dependence on Hitler as also of Hitler’s anxiety to have a naval base in the Mediterranean. The dismissal of Marshal Grazaiani is regarded as inevitable in view of the Italian reverses in Africa although it is observed that Mussolini’s adventure in Egypt from the very beginning. Much sympathy is shown for Haile Seillasie although it is regarded that the overthrow of the Italian rule in Abyssiania would be a long and arduous task.
Satyagraha news continues to find place in all the important newspapers although it is not prominently displayed. Mr. Gandhi’s advice to the editors to be fearless and independent in presenting the Satyagraha news has appeared in all the newspapers. The local editors are eagerly awaiting the results of the Press Conference at Dehli.
The Provincial Press Adviser had no occasion to pull up any newspaper in Sind on account of the presentation of satyagraha news nor does editor seem to be in a mood to court arrest on this score. Paper with congress sympathy deplores the policy of Government in arresting satyagraha and emphasize the need of an early settlement”.[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of January 1941, 8th February 1941.]
January 26th: The meeting of the council of the Sindh Muslim League is held at Shikarpur and very lengthy agenda is discussed with special reference Joint Electorate Bill besides, other important matters relating to the organization of the Party all the circulars issued by the Sindh Muslim League are available in the Library of the Gul Hayat Institute and also are published on our website www.Drpathan.com [Gul Hayat Collection].
January 27th : The strike started at the Cotton Spinning Factory of Messrs Doulatram Mohandas, Karachi, which lasted to 4th February. Eighty-eight laborers went on strike without giving prior notice, their main grievance being the introduction of a rotation system of work. There was no untoward incident and the laborers have resumed work un-conditionally.[Gul Hayat Collection]
January 27th: Press Report on the subject of the “Meeting of the Working Committee of the Sindh Muslim League” is published in Daily “Alwahid” Karachi. The photo stat copy of the Press Report is available at Gul Hayat. [Gul Hayat Collection]”.
January 27th: Sj. Sabhas Chandra Bose was missing from his house in Elgin Road, Calcutta. It was also not known when exactly Sj. Bose left his house. A warrant of arrest was issued by the Additional Chief Presidency Magistrate, Calcutta. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
January 29th : Action is taken against “Sind Observer” by Provincial Press Adviser for Sind on account of Publishing the news regarding the manufacture of munitions to the workshops of the B. B. and C. I. Railway in Bombay. The news in question contravened the provisions of clause (a)of paragraph I of the Press Notice X of the Press Instructions of war. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 8th February 1941.]
January 29th : Action is taken against “Hindu” (Daily Sindhi of Karachi) by Provincial Press Adviser for Sind on account of Publishing the news regarding the manufacture of munitions to the workshops of the B. B. and C. I. Railway in Bombay. The news in question contravened the provisions of clause (a)of paragraph I of the Press Notice X of the Press Instructions of war. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 8th February 1941.]
January 30th : Action is taken against “Daily Gazette” by Provincial Press Adviser for Sind on account of publication of the news regarding the establishment of an aircraft factory at Bangalore as it contravened the provisions of clause (a)of paragraph I of the press Notice X of the Press Instructions for War. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 8th February 1941.]
January 31st : Action is taken against “Sind Observer” by Provincial Press Adviser for Sind on account of Publishing the news regarding the manufacture of munitions to the workshops of the B. B. and C. I. Railway in Bombay. The news in question contravened the provisions of clause (a)of paragraph I of the Press Notice X of the Press Instructions of war. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 8th February 1941.]
January 31st : Action is taken against “Karachi Daily” by Provincial Press Adviser for Sind on account of for publication of the news regarding the establishment of an aircraft factory at Bangalore as it contravened the provisions of clause (a)of paragraph I of the press Notice X of the Press Instructions for War. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 8th February 1941.]
January 31st: Dr. Choithram P. Gidvani, President of the Sind Provincial Congress Committee, was arrested at Karachi on the 31st January for a speech delivered at Lahore. A boilable warrant was received from the Punjab Government, but the Doctor refused to offer bail and was consequently arrested. His arrest without any previous communication with the Government of Sind, the first news received in Karachi was from a Press report, has given the Congress a leg-up in this Province and a number of meetings congratulating Dr. Choithram were held before his departure for Lahore. [Gul Hayat Collection].
February 1st: The Council of the All-India Muslim League commenced its session in New Dehli. The Council approved the three resolutions passed by the Working Committee relating to Mr. Amery’s “India First” Sloga, observance on March 23, as a “Pakistan resolution Day” and celebrations of Muslim League week, once every three months. The Council also unanimously elected Mr. Jinnah president. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Mr. L S. Amery, in a broad-cast speech from London, dwelt on India’s place and part in the great struggle in which the Empire was engaged. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
In the central Assembly, Sir Jeremy Raisman pointed out in his Budget speech that India’s defense budget for 1941-42 was Rs. 84 crores against Rs. 72 cores in 1940-41. The total strength of India’s armed forces was well over 500,000 men. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 3rd: The Hindu Sabha at Larkana passed a resolution calling upon the Hindus not to mention their sub-castes in the coming Census and to describe themselves as “Aryas”.[Gul Hayat Collection]
February 3rd: Charges under Sec. 38 of the Defense of India Rules, were framed by the District Magistrate, Lahore against Dr. Choithram Gidwani, Presiden of the Sind Provincial Congress Committee, in connexion with a speech delivered by him at Lahore on January 13. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 4th: His Excellency the Governor of Sind, prorogued the Sind Assembly which adjourned sine die on December 11. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Dr. Choithram Gidwani, President of the Sind Provincial Congress Committee, was sentenced to 18 months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 500 by the District Magistrate, Lahore, under Rule 38 of the Defense of India Rules for a speech delivered by him at Lahore on January 13. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 7th: Mr. M. A Jinnah, President All-India Muslim League, issued a statement from Poona, with regard to Sind Affairs. He observed : “The Hindu and the Congress Press is misrepresenting the situation in SIndh day in and day out. The Congress party and the Hindu Independently Party concluded an agreement with a few indivisual members of the Assembly who belong to the Muslim League on the basis of the so-called 21 points along with the understanding that they will maintain the Mur Ministry for the remaining period of the Assembly.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 9th: Acharya Kripalani addressed a meeting of student in Madras. HE appealed to the students to carry out the constructive program instead of passing resolutions as to what should or should not be done by the leaders. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 10th: Mr. N. A. Bechar( M.L.A) in a communication to the Press commenting on Mr. Jinnah’s Statement on the Sindh Ministerial position, made an appeal to Mr. Jinnah, President of the All-India Muslim League to trust his men “on the spot” and not to disturtb the Azad arrangement. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 12th: Shah Latif Adabi Conference starts at Karachi. It is inaugurated by Shaikh Abdul Majeed Sindhi, Education Minister of Sindh. Whereas it is presided over by Allama I.I.Kazi. The Speaker of Sindh Legislative Assembly, Syed Miran Muhammad Shah presented his paper on the topic of the ‘Importance of education’. [Gul Hayat Collection]
February 12th: The meeting of the Sindh Legislative Assembly Muslim League Party is held at Karachi and so many matters are discussed, particularly Quaid-e-Azam correspondence and the performance of the SIndh Cabinet etc. The circulars issued in this collections are available in the Library of Gul Hayat Institute and same are published on the website www.drpathan.com. [Gul Hayat Collection]
February 15th: Dr. P V. Naidu General Secretary of All-India Hindu Mahasabha, suggested from Madras that the Viceroy should invite a conference of the Premiere of the Provinces and the Congress ex-Premiers, along with a certain number of leaders nominated by the Hindu Mahasabha, Muslim League, Sikhs Christian and the Depressed classes in order to find a way out of the political deadlock. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February (First Half): Secret papers of the Sindh Government reveal that five khaksars who marched in military formation at Hyderabad have been prosecuted under the Defense of India Rules.[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the first half of February 1941, 18th February 1941.]
February 17th: Mr. R.K. Sidhwa Leader of the Congress Assembly Party (Sindh) observed : “Things have considerably improved and the relations between the two major communities have begun to be cordial. All the same Hindus feel somewhat nervous because of the danger they apprehend from the surrounding Muslim Villages.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 18th: Mr. M. A. Jinnah, President, All-India Muslim League issued a statement to the Press from New Dehli. He stated inter alia : “My attention has been drawn to a report under the heading
Revised Pakistan Scheme Committee’s Recommendations’ published in a newspaper to-day. This is entirely incorrect. After the Lahore resolution now popularly known as the Pakistan resolution, was passed last March, the Working Committee of the All-India Muslim League appointed a sub-Committee to invite any proposal on the basis of the fundamental principles embodied in the Lahore Resolution. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
The Foreign Committee of the All-India Muslim league published details of the Pakistan Scheme which would be discussed at the meeting of the Working Committee. Three zones were contemplated –North-West, North-East, and Hyderabad with certain additions, Sind, Baluchistan, the Frontier Province and the Punjab with Dehli would constitute a sovereign State. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Another order for the issue of a proclamation for the arrest of Sj. Subhas Chandra Bose, was passed by Mr. S.G. Creek, Additional Magistrate at Alipore, when the case against Sj. Bose under the Defense of India Rules came up for hearing before him. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 19th:Mr. M. A. Jinnah, President, All-India Muslim League, issued a statement from New Dehli on the political pact in Sind. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Mr. M. A. Jinnah President of the All-India Muslim League, issued a statement from New Dehli : “Khan Bahadur Khuhro was good enough to come all the way from Karachi to see me and he has placed the whole matter fully before me and in consultation with Sir Abdullah Haroon, President of the Provincial Muslim League, Sind, I have come to the conclusion that the so-called Pact or Agreement is pure myth”. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 22nd: The meeting of the Executive Committee of the Sindh Muslim League is held at Sann with G.M.Syed in Chair, and it is decided that the party be popularized in the province. [Gul Hayat Collection]
February 23rd: The Council of the All-India Muslim League began its session in New Dehli, Mr. M. A. Jinnah presiding. –On the motion of Sir Abdulla Haroon, the council approved the three resolution passed by the Working Committee relating to Mr. Amery’s “India First” slogan, observance of March 23rd as “Pakistan resolution day” and celebrations of Muslim League ‘Week’ once every three months. The Council also unanimously elected Mr. Jinnah president.- The main discussion centered round the non-official resolution relating to the Congress campaign of Satyagraha. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
February 26th: The Assembly is going to meet on this date and it is felt that unless there is a reshuffling of the Cabinet, the ministry will be faced with a no-confidence motion. The Honorable Khan Bahadur M. A Khuhro, Minister, Public Works Department, has gone to Dehli to acquaint Mr. M. A. Jinnah with the situation and to seek his advice. A meeting of the Sind Forward Bloc was held in Karachi in which the attitude of Congress Rightists towards the disappearance of Mr. Subhas Chandra Bose was condemned. Resolutions were passed eulogizing the services of Mr. Bose and expressing anxiety at his disappearance.[Gul Hayat collection].
February 26th:In the SIndh Assembly, Khan Bahadur Alla Baksh, Finance Minister, envisaged a surplus of Rs. 100000 in the Budget estimates for 1941-42. The anticipated revenue receipts being Rs. 4,35,47,000 and expenditure charged to revenue Rs. 4,34,47,000. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Mr. V.D. Savarkar, President of the Hindu Mahasabha in a special interview in Bombay said: “It is my honest belief that the non-voilence preached during the 20 years is responsible for the deterioration of the Hindu cause. It has emboldened the Muslim League demand Pakistan.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
March 1st: Dr.Shyam Prasad Mukherjee, Working President, All-India Hindu Mahasabha, presiding over the Punjab, Sind and the North Western Frontier Province Hindu Conference at Lahore said that so long as 28 crores of Hindus remained alive, Pakistan scheme would not operate in any part of Hindusthan. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Pakistan Day was observed at a number of places in India, under instruction from Mr. M. A. Jinnah, President of the Muslim League. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, Working President, All-India Hindu Mahasabha, presiding over the Punjab, Sind and the North West Frontier Province Hindu Conference at Lahore said : “Mr. Jinnah’s Pakistan scheme will remain embodied in pamphlets and reports and so long as 28 crores of Hindus remain alive, it will not operate in any part of Hindustan.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
March 2nd: The Muslim League’s Pakistan scheme was condemned by the Punjab, Sind and the Frontier Provinces Hindu Conferences which concluded its two-day session at Lahore.
Through one of the resolution which was made by Rai Bahadur, Mehrchand Khana (Frontier) the Conference felt that the Pakistan scheme was fraught with great danger to the peace and tranquility of the country and held that the scheme constituted a great blow to the political and national integrity of India. The conference called upon every Hindu to resist it to save India from the proposed vivisection. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
March 3rd : Meeting of the Sindh Muslim League is held at the residence of Khan Bahadur Muhammad Ayub Khuhro at Muslim Colony In Karachi in which organizational matters were discussed.[Gul Hayat Collection]
March 4th: In the Sind Assembly Khan Bahadur Allah Bakhsh Finance Minister, replying to the general debate on the Budget, observed: “Sind has stood the test of making Barrage Debt remunerative and the Government of India should in honor to adjust the Barrage Debt if they find that the estimates do not come up to expectations.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
March 6th: Haji Abdullah Haroon issued detailed statement on the affairs and performance of the Sindh Government. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com . Haji Abdullah Haroon showed his dissatisfaction on the performance of the Government and asked for good governance in the province.
March 6th: In the Sind Assembly three Sind Ministers –Khan Bahadur Allah Bakhs (Finance), Mr. Nichaldas Vazirani( Revenue) and Rai Sahab Gokuldas (Local Self-Government) announced their resignation from the Cabinet. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
March 7th: On the call of Sindh Muslim League strike is observed in Karachi and participants disapprove the policy and performance of the SIndh Government and demanded better changes in the greater interest of the peace and progress of the province.[Gul Hayat Collection]
March 7th: It was officially Legislative Assembly rejected a resolution moved on behalf of the Opposition that all political prisoners should be placed in Division 1. It was officially announced that Khan Bahadur Allah Bakhsh was sworn in as Premiere at Karachi Government House, and was aksed to form a new Cabinet in Sind. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
March 8th: The Arya Samaj held a meeting at Karachi in which Government was requested to take action against the Muslim League leaders on account of the speeches to take action against the Muslim League on account of the speeches made in the meeting held in the Khalikdina Hall on the 6th March[Gul Hayat collection].
March 8th:It was officially announced that Khan Bahadur Allah Bakhsh, the Sind Premiere, presented to His Excellency the Governor his colleagues in the new Cabinet. Sir Ghulam Hussain HidayatUllah, Pir Elahi Allah Bux, Mr. Nichaldas Vizarani and Rao Saheb Gokuldas, the New Ministers of the Sind Cabinet were sworn in. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
March 9th: The Working Committee of the All-India Hindu Mahasabha was in session in Bomaby, when apart from administrative matters relating to the organization, there was a general discussion on the political situation. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
March 12th : Press Report on the subject of the “Statement of Sir Haji Abdullah Haroon regarding formation of ‘Sindh Cabinet” is published in Daily “Alwahid” Karachi. The photo stat copy of the Press Report is available at Gul Hayat. [Gul Hayat Collection]”.
March 14th: The Daily “Alwahid” of Karachi in its course of editorial criticizes political and social contribution and behavior of Syed Meeran Muhammad Shah, Speaker of the Sindh Legislative Assembly.[Gul Hayat Collection]
March 20th: Action is taken against by “Sansar Samachaar” Provincial Press Address on account for Publication of incorrect figure of British shipping losses during the week ending March 9/10th.. [Gul Hayat Collection]
March 21st: Action is taken against by “Karachi Daily” Provincial Press Address on account For Publication of news revealing the location of the anti-aircraft school in Karachi. [Gul Hayat Collection]
March 22nd: Action is taken against by “United Press” Provincial Press Address on account For Publication of news revealing the location of the anti-aircraft school in Karachi. [Gul Hayat Collection]
March 23rd: All the branches of Sindh Muslim League observe Pakistan Day, and the one held in Khalikdina Hall, Karachi, under the president ship of Khan Bahadur M.A. Khuhro, an ex-Minister, was largely attended. Speeches were made by Haji Sir Abdullah Haroon, Mr. G.M. Sayed and Mr. Sheikh Abdul Majid, both ex-Ministers, explaining the Muslim League creed and emphasizing the necessity for the achievement of Pakistan. The speeches of the two ex-Ministers were objectionable, in as much as they were very anti-Hindu. They were consequently examined, but Mr. Sayed’s speech has been found not to be actionable while Mr. Gazdar whose speech certainly was has given an undertaking not to make any speech likely to create communal ill-feeling in future.[Gul Hayat Collection]
March 23rd: Sayed Sabit Ali Shah K. Jilani writes a letter to Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, President of the Muslim League. He makes complaint against Pir Ali Muhammad Shah Rashdi. He writes” I am not only the man who cries for his wrongful deeds but papers also write about him. Sansars Samachar in its issue of 9th 1941, clearly writes, if Government wishes to keep safety in Sindh, Ali Muhammad Rashdi at once is arrested. Sindh Observer, Karachi Daily, in issues of 8th March 1941 and New Sindh in its issue of 9th March 1941 clearly urge “Rashid’s arrest”. They say that Rashdi be arrested otherwise it is likely that Rashdi may create a breach of peace and there is every likely-hood of riots on behalf of Muslim League through Rashdi.
So he is not only dangerous to his community but awfully dangerous to public at large. He can raise a communal question at any time to fulfill his desires. So it is essential to see him not to go so far as to create a bad atmosphere in Sindh I am not only the man who cries for his wrongful deeds but papers also write about him.
Sansarsamachar in its issue of 9th 1941, clearly writes, if Government wishes to keep safety in Sindh, Ali Muhammad Rashdi at once be arrested. Sindh Observer, Karachi Daily, in issues of 8th March 1941 and New Sindh in its issue of 9th March 1941 clearly urge “Rashid’s arrest”. They say that Rashdi be arrested otherwise it is likely that Rashdi may create a breach of peace and there is every likely-hood of riots on behalf of Muslim League through Rashdi. So he is not only dangerous to his community but awfully dangerous to public at large. He can raise a communal question at any time to fulfill his desires. So it is essential to see him not to go so far as to create a bad atmosphere in Sindh.” (Reference: Sindh Muslim League Papers, copy with Gul Hayat)
March 24th: In the public meeting held at Khalikdina Hall of Karachi, G.M.Syed presides over ‘Oath and Pledge Ceremony’ in the support of Pakistan. He starts reading it and is followed by participants. In that PLEDGE, it is said that we Muslims are different Nation and created by Allah with special Assignment, for translating it we need Pakistan. In this PLEADGE it is further said that any kind of sacrifice that is required by /for the cause will be made without any condition and objection.
March 25th : The Khaksars observed “Martyrdom Day” in Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur and Larkana. At Sukkur and Larkana crackers were fired and some of the Khaksars appeared in uniforms with “belchas”. Action against them is under consideration. In Karachi 45 Khaksars moved in the streets in mufti carrying ‘belchas’ but did not march in military formations. A public meeting was held in Khalikdina Hall mostly attended by Muslim Leaguers. Salutes were presented in the memory of the Khaksars killed in Lahore. [Gul Hayat Collection]
March (Second Half): While groining through pages of Sindh Press we note that .The tone of the press continues to be friendly with Government. British successes in Italian Eniterea and Abysinia are give due prominence. President Roosevelt's speech has had a very good press and is regarded as a declaration of war against the dictators. The signing of the Axis Pact by Yugoslavia came in for a good deal of adverse criticism, the “Sind Observer” remarking that it was a great blow to the British diplomacy. Later events in Yugoslavia were welcomed. There has been admiration for Turkey in her decision to stand by the Allies. The resolution passed by the non-party leaders in Bombay drew favorable comments, the “Daily Gazette” observing that the acceptance of the Bombay offer will mean giving "Hitler the final shake he is heading for" Other papers regard the resolution as embodying the just demands of India and express the opinion that it will be very unwise to reject the Indian claim. [Source No. P-25-h(s)/37, Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 4th April 1941 Fortnightly report for the Second half of March1941].
March 27th:The Governor of Sindh Writes to Viceroy of India that, “The new Ministers are getting along fairly well together; but I think there will be jealousy between Allah Bakhsh and Ghulam Hussain, because Allah Bakhsh cannot refrain from interfering in departments which are not included in his Portfolios. The speeches at the Khalikdina Hall on the night of the resignation of the last Ministry promptly put out a severe warning. This resulted in G.M. Sayed, one of the offenders, producing a denial of the correctness of the reports and Gazdar, another of the offenders, giving a personal undertaking to Sir Ghulam Hussain that he would not indulge in that sort of talk again. It may therefore be assumed that---- there will be no prosecution in connection with the speeches made at this meeting.
I may perhaps be allowed to take the occasions of this letter to let you know that I have been considerably troubled in the last two or three weeks over the growth of ill-feeling and lack of confidence between my Minister and the Judiciary of the Province. The main causes of offence are rather complicated but they date back to the repeated attempts of Minister by secret and devious means to interfere with the Magistracy of the Province. The Ministers are under the impression, as I mentioned to you, I think, before, that the European officers on the executive side are conspiring to make the Ministers—appear ridiculous and generally to weaken their authority. I have told you that this view is entirely false and that all my officers are prepared to co-operate readily with the Ministers, provided the Ministers do not indulge in questionable practices, such as interfering with Magistrates and generally intimidating the lower executive officers. The distrust felt of the Judiciary by the Ministry may be traced back to the same reasons and I fear that in the case of at least one District and Sessions judge – the District and Sessions Judge of Sukkur indiscreet and unnecessarily provocative and unjustifiable remarks have been made in judgments and such judgment have been allowed to pass unchanged in appeal. Had I been less occupied in these last days I should have made a serious attempt to – bring the parties to a better understanding. The Ministers are undoubtedly extremely sensitive, but seeing how they have behaved they are not entitled to be sensitive. The judges, on the other hand, are apt to disregard the sensitiveness of the Ministers and to say things either in their judgments or in open court, which are bound to give offence to the Ministers and are not required to be made whether for the purposes arising from the judgments or conducting proceedings in court. A further consequence of this feeling is wide publicity in the Press of wholly improper criticism of the Session Judge at Sukkur. As the result of this the Chief Judge has been pressing me to push on the Contempt of courts Bill, which was introduced and postponed at the last session and has not been proceeded with in this session so far. It was intended to proceed with this Bill in this session; but in response to a note from me that the Bill should be pushed through this session, my Minister have noted unanimously that owing to their distrust of the Judiciary they do not intend to proceed with the Bill this session. This decision reached me only yesterday and I am not able to deal with the matter in a Cabinet meeting. I am accordingly leaving a full note to my successor”. [Letter to the Viceroy of India from the Governor of sindh 27th March 1941.]
March 28th: 3 day- “4th all Sindh Literary Conference” starts at Karachi with Kishinchand “Bevas” in chair. Jethmal Parsram is the chairman of Reception Committee where as Hari Daryani “Dilgeer” is stage secretary. On this occasion sindh Minister Nihchaldas Vazirani in inaugurates book exhibition.[Gul Hayat Collection].
March 29th : It is 2nd day of “fourth All Sindh Literary Conference”. At night “Poetic Sitting” is held in which Hakeem Fateh Muhammad Sehwani, Beruhmal Advani, Hari Dilgeer, Narayan Shayam, Ghulam Ahmad “Nizami”, Qadir Bakhsh “Haqeer” , Wahid Bakhsh “Aashiq”, Lal Chand “Majrur”, Ram Panjwani , HoondRaaj “Dukhayal”, Bulchand Rajpal, Dayaram Sabhani presented their poetry.[Gul Hayat Collection]
March 30: A Sind Provincial Azad Muslim Party has been formed by Pir Illahi Baksh, Minister of Education. The Party will consists of nationalist Muslims and will opposite the Muslim League. The party proposes to start a Sindhi daily paper.[Gul Hayat Collection]
March 30th: It is the last session of the forth All Sindh Literary Conference and so many resolution are passed on the promotion and progress of Sindh Literature and Language.[Gul Hayat Collection]
March 31st: Sir Lancelot Graham, retiring Governor of Sind, in the course of an interview to a Karachi daily, characterized as “incorrect” the impression in Indian political circles, that the Pakistan scheme was favored by the British Government. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
April 1st: On the initiate and invitation of Haji Abdullah Haroon, the president Sindh Muslim League, the meeting of Muslims editor is held at Karachi and The Sindh Muslim Editor Association if formed with main purpose of to propagate Muslim League cause and message and combat Hindu Press Working against the Pakistan Movement. Shaikh Abdul Majid Sindhi(President), Muhammad Khan Ghani “Eiditor of the Muslaman” (Vice President),Agha Nazar Ali Khan “Editor of Sindh Zamnidar” (Treasurer) are elected as its office bearer .The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com . Haji Abdullah Haroon showed his dissatisfaction on the performance of the Government and asked for good governance in the province.
April 1st: Sir Hugh Dow is appointed as the Governor of Sindh. He started his career as Assistant Collector in Sindh in 1909. He remained Sukkur Barrage Revenue officer from 1927 to 1933. He was appointed the Chairman of ‘Sindh Administrative Committee in 1933. During his tenure as the Governor our two Freedom Fighters: Hemon Kalani and Sooreh Badshah Pir Pagaro were sentenced to death.
April 1st:Under the auspicious of “Sindhi Sudhar Society” Monthly Journal “Adeeb Sindh” is founded in Larkana and Master Juma Khan “Ghareeb” is appointed as its editor. [Gul Hayat Collection].
April 1st: The session of the All-India Muslim League began in Madras. Mr. Jinnah, the President, in his address surveyed the activities of the League and expressed his determination to support the establishment of “Independent” States in certain areas in India. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Sir Hugh Dow was sworn in as Governor of Sind. Sir Godfrey Davis, the Chief Judge of the Chief court, administered the oath of allegiance. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
April 3rd : Press Report on the subject of the ““Muslim Journalist’s Association formed by the Sindh Muslim League” is published in Daily “Alwahid” Karachi. The photo stat copy of the Press Report is available at Gul Hayat. [Gul Hayat Collection]”.
April 7th: Hari Conference is held at Larkana with Muhammad Hussain Khuhawar as its president. So many resolution on subjects of peasants' rights, Hindu - Muslim Unity etc are passed
April 9th: The Live Stock Improvement Conference is held and is attended by representatives and nominees of all District Local Boards and Municipalities of Sindh.
April 11th: The Khaksars held a camp at Hyderabad from the 11th to the 13th April. Khaksar leaders had interviewed the Honorable Premiere and the Honorable Minister, Home Department, beforehand and assured them that they had no intention of infringe the orders of Government.[Gul Hayat Collection]
April 11th: The Executive Council of the U.P. Hindu League at Lucknow, passed a resolution urging upon all persons and bodies to observer the “Anti-Pakistan Day” on April 17, 1941, by holding public meetings and other suitable methods in their respective district headquarters. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
April 12th: The twenty-eight session of the All-India Muslim League Conference opened in Madras. Mr. M. A. Jinnah the President, could not deliver his address owing to indisposition. Mr. Hamid Khan, referring to the Muslim League’s demands said: “The demand for Pakistan which implies the establishment of independent and separate Muslim States on the basis of a confederation does not run counter to the idea of India’s political unity, nor does it mean the vivisection of India, since the basis of Pakistan has existed at all time in this country.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Giani Tirath Singh, chairman of the Reception Committee, addressing the Sind Akali Conference at Karachi, said : “Nationalism is the political cult of modern India and while this cult is in the course of development we find a separatist trend being introduced by Mr. Jinnah in his Pakistan Scheme.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
April 13th:Congress observed Jallianwala Bagh Day on the 13th April. Mass meetings were held in Karachi and Hyderabad, in which anti-British and objectionable speeches were made. At Hyderabad and Mirpurkhas, large pictures depicting in a Lund manner Jallianwala Bagh incident were prominently displayed in processions. Dr. Popatlal A. Bhootpatkar, M.L.A., speaking at Karachi, remarked that although Indians were unable to take revenge for the Jallianwala Bagh the death grip in which the British were involved at present was a retribution for the Indian blood that was shed at Jallianwala Bagh. Another speaker stated that events like Jallianwala Bagh are to be welcomed, for freedom could not be achieved till incidents like Jallianwala Bagh shocked the Indian people and prepared them for sacrifices.[Gul Hayat Collection]
April 14th: The second sitting of the open session of the All-India Muslim League began in Madras, when Mr. M. A. Jinnah delivered his presidential address.- Mr. Jinnah in his address, surveyed the activities of the Muslim League and referred to the determination of the organization to establish Independent States in certain areas in India. The Muslim League, he said , would not under any circumstances agree to any constitution of an All-India character with one Government as the centre. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Dr. Rabundranath Tagore received numerous congratulatory message on the occasion of his 80th birthday which was celebrated by the Visva-Bharati at Santinikentan. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
April 15th: Master Tarasingh, the well known Sikh Leader from Amritsar has been to Karachi to preside over an Akali Conference and he addressed meetings of Sikhs in which he attacked the Muslim League and ridiculed the Pakistan idea.[Gul Hayat Collection]
April 15th: Special Session of District Larkana board is held in Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto Hall. The election of the new President of the District Local Board is held and Sardar Nabi Bakhsh Khan Bhutto is elected with majority of votes.[Gul Hayat Collection]
April 15th: At the open session of the Muslim League in Madras, and amendment to the All-India Muslim League’s constitution making Pakistan its goal, was unanimously passed. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
April 16th A deputation of Congressmen is to leave shortly for Wardha to seek permission from Mahatma Gandhi to start ‘satyagraha’ in this Province. [Gul Hayat Collection]
April (First Half): The tone of the press continues to be friendly. Events leading to the recapture by the enemy of Benghazi, Derna, and other places have evoked a certain amount of anxiety but the determination of Greeks and Yugoslavs to resist the Axis aggression has been universally applauded. German attacks on Greece and Yugoslavia have been condemned by all the papers, the “Sind Observer” that although the events cannot be looked upon with complacency there is no need to lose confidence. The signing of the Russo-Japanese Pact has come in for a good deal of adverse criticism. The “Daily Gazette” remarked that by signing the Pact, Russia has only “signed her own death warrant, morally speaking”. Other papers do not attach any importance to the Pact; it being observed that Pact has very little value in the present days. Satyagraha news is in the background and the interest in centered in the war news.
In Sindh Press events leading to the recapture by the enemy of Benghazi, Derna, and other places have evoked a certain among of anxiety, but the determination of Greeks and Yugoslays to resist the Axis aggression has been universally applauded. German attacks on Greece and Yugoslavia have been condemned by all the papers, the "Sind Observer" remaking that this was another act of "international banditry". The attitude of the entire press can be summed up in the words of the "Sind Observed" that although the events cannot be looked upon with complacency, there is no need to lose confidence. The signing of the Russo-Japanese Pact has come in for a good deal of adverse criticism. The “Daily Gazette” remarked that by signing the Pact, Russia has only "signed her own death warrant, morally speaking". Other papers do not attach any importance to the Pact, it being observed that Pacts have very little value in the present days. Satyagraha news is in the background and all the interest is centered in the war news. [Source No. P-25-h(s)/37, Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 21st April 1941 Fortnightly report for the First half of April 1941].
April (Second Half): The general tone of the Sindh press continues to be anti-Nazi and anti-Fascist. The capitulation of Yugoslavia and Greece caused much disappointment and handsome tributes were paid to the gallantry of the gallantry of the Greek nation. The statement of the Rt. Honorable Mr. Amery on the Indian situation has a very cold reception and was dubbed as reactionary in spirit. The ”Sind Observer” remarked that the statement disclosed lack of vision and leadership which will prove fatal to the British cause. Other papers also wrote in the same strain and referred to the anomaly of the British fighting for the independence of small nations in Europe while denying self-Government to India. Mahatma Gandhi's statement on Mr. Amery's speeches received banner headlines and was give much prominence in all the papers except the Muslim Press. Nationalist papers made complimentary references of Mahatma Gandhi's statement. The press welcomed the decision of Mahatma Gandhi to disallow Congressmen in Sind to observe 'satyagraha'. The ”Daily Gazette” remarked that by his decision Mahatma Gandhi has placed Sind under a debt of gratitude. [Source No. P-25-h(s)/37, Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 3rd May 1941 Fortnightly report for the Second half of April 1941].
April(Second Half): As per Government secret reports “Congress activities at present are in the main confined to the holding of meetings but on the whole these meetings are but poorly attended and there is some feeling that it is difficult to maintain public interest in Congress affairs in the absence of permission to indulge in Satyagraha. Swami Govindanand, leader of the Forward Bloc has stated that the Forward Bloc can no longer function in view of the disappeared of Mr. Subhas Chandra Bose”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of April 1941, 4thApril, 1941.]
April (Second Half): The tone of the press continues to be friendly. British success in Italian Eriterea and Abysinia are given due prominence . President Roosevelt’s speech has had a very good press and is regarded as a declaration of war against the dictators. The signing of the Axis Pact by Yugolsavia came in for a good deal of adverse criticism, the “Sind Observer” remarking that it was a great blow to the British diplomacy. Later events in Yugoslavia were welcomed. There has been admiration for Turkey in her decision to stand by the Allies. The resolution passed by the non-party leaders in Bombay drew favorable comments, the “Daily Gazette” observing that the acceptance of the Bombay offer will mean giving “Hitler the final shake he is heading for”. Other papers regard the resolution as embodying the just demands of India and express the opinion that it will be very unwise to reject the Indian claim. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of April 1941, 4th May, 1941.]
April 18th:Action is taken against “Sansar Samachar” (Sindhi Daily of Karchi) by Provincial Press Adviser on account of issue a correction regarding the British naval losses for the week ending 7th March 1941.[Gul Hayat Collection]
April 18th:Action is taken against “Deshmitra”, (Sindhi weekly of Hyderabad.) by Provincial Press Adviser on account of issue a correction regarding the British naval losses for the week ending 7th March 1941.[Gul Hayat Collection]
April 19th: Sardar Amar Singh, President of the All-India Sikh League at a function arranged in his honor at Karachi, declared : We will rather be annihilated than submit to a communal raj and we would never leave our motherland, religion and community and will not permit the establishment of a communal raj”. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
April 19th and 20th: Pakistan Day was celebrated at Karachi and Hyderabad on 19th April and at Sukkur on 20th April at Karachi the Sind Provincial Muslim League convened a public meeting presided over by Haji Sir Abdullah Haroon. M. L. A. (Central), where the Pakistan resolution, adopted by the All-India Muslim League Conference at Lahore, was reaffirmed. Speeches strongly anti-Congress in tone favoring the Pakistan scheme and condemning its critics was made. At Hyderabad two small meetings were held at the Juma Mosque where in addition to the resolutions adopted at Karachi, resolutions were passed condemning the system of joint electorate (which are expected to hamper Muslim development in general and the Pakistan scheme in particular) and criticizing the present Ministry for accepting the demands of the Hindus in this and other matter. At Sukkur a procession was taken out and ended in a meeting at which besides the Pakistan resolution, resolution were adopted sympathizing with Dr. Muhammad Yamin on his conviction under Section 153-A, Indian Penal Code, and appealing to the Ministry to withdrawal all cases against the members and workers of the Sukkur Manzilgah Restoration Committee. [Gul Hayat Collection]
April 21st: The Sirat Committee of the Anjuman-i-Manzilgah Punjab on 21st April organized a public meeting in Karachi preceded by a Mamoth procession, which was attended by ten to twelve thousand Muslims, including a number of Khaskars. Haji Sir Abdullah Haroon presided, and speeches were made on the life of the Prophet and favoring the Pakistan scheme.[Gul Hayat Collection]
April 21st: Mahatama Gandhi refused to withdraw the civil disobedience movement. In an interview in Bombay, he said : “1 adhere to all that I said at the initiation of the struggle. I had no foolish illusion about a sudden miracle happening. It was conceived to be, and it remains, a silent declaration of unquenchable faith in the power of non-violence even in the midst of circumstances so terrible and so baffling as face the world today.-“ I believe more in efficacy if the incalculable force of an inscrutable Divinity than in the efficacy of the calculated and calculable forces that combined powers of destruction can bring into play o this little planet. That incalculable forces has somehow or other to act through human agency.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
April 25th: Pir Abdul Rahman , commonly known as the Pir of Bharchundi, who was detained in the Karachi District Prison under the Bombay Regulation XXV of 1827, is released as Government considered his further detention was not necessary in view of present conditions in the Sukkur district.[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 1st: May Day is celebrated at Karachi and Sukkur. At Karachi the Sind Provincial Trade Union Congress convened a procession which is attended to by about 1000 laborers. Portraits of Stalin, Lenin, and Karl Marx were displayed and the usual slogans were raised. Mr. Naraindas Bechar , M.L.A.s addressed the meeting in which several resolutions were passed urging inter alia an increase in the wages of laborers demanding an 8 hour working day and pressing for the grant of complete independence to India. At Sukkur a small meeting is held in which the laborers present were urged to join the local labor union.[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 1st: Dr. Rabindranath Tagore’s 80th. Birthday was celebrated in Calcutta and in other parts of India. Felicitations were conveyed to the poet. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
May 2nd: “Mashriqi Day” was observed by the Khaksars at Jacobabad, Hyderabad and Kotri in Dadu district where public meetings were held in which the Khaksars creed was explained.[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 2nd: Strike is observed in the Karachi Electric Supply Corporation where about 250 worker struck work as protest against the alleged ill-treatment of a worker by a foreman of the Corporation. The strikers demanded that the foreman should tender an apology to the aggrieved person and that the Managing Director should himself ask the strikers to resume work. The Resident Managing Director told Mr. Naraindas Bechar, the labor leader, to advise the strikers were however adamant. The premises of the Karachi Electric Supply Corporation were declared a protected area and notices under Section 144, Criminal Procedure Code, prohibiting them from making speeches were served on certain labor leaders, including Mr. Bechar. The strike continued till the 14th instant when a settlement was effected. All the strikers have been taken back. The strikers will be paid wages for half the period of the strike and they have given an assurance that they will not go on strike again during the war.[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 6th : Action is taken against “Sind Observer” by Provincial Press Adviser on account of publication of an advertisement announcing the non-availability of re-roll able material .[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 6th : Action is taken against “Daily Gazette “ by Provincial Press Adviser on account of publication of an advertisement announcing the non-availability of re-roll able material .[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 6th: Govardhan Dulahdinomal Tanvani is barn in Larkana. He migrated to India after partition and earned named fame as a writer, poet and journalist. Number of good books are on his credit such as “Mitho Dard”(1962) and “Dard ain Dard”(1965). [Gul Hayat Collection]
May 6th : The Sindh Governor and his secret fortnightly report informs the viceroy of India that “It is understood the Sind Provincial Muslim League have organized an effective program to create political awakening among the Muslim masses, in order to secure the return of Muslim League candidates at the next Assembly Local Board and Municipal elections. The working Committee of the Provincial Muslim League considered the fundamental demands of the League. Vis-à-vis the Ministry (vide paragraph 6 below). It was urged that in respect of all important matters of policy the Muslim League Ministers should abide by the decision of the Provincial Muslim League Parliamentary Committee, and that they should deposit their resignations in writing with the Provincial League, Which may utilize them whenever it finds that their continuance in office is detrimental to the Muslim community. Other demands considered were that the operation of the Sind Frontier Regulations in the Frontier districts of Larkana, Karachi and Jacobabad be stopped immediately, and that a Muslim Parliamentary Secretary should be allotted to the Revenue Minister ( who is a Hindu) and afforded opportunity to acquaint himself with the proceedings of that department. All these demands were however, rejected by the Ministers and are not binding on them, the Minister holding that the Ministry is neither a League cabinet nor a coalition League cabinet”.[No. P.25 H(S)/40, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 6th May 1940.]
May 7th: Mahatma Gandhi directed that Sind should be considered outside the Satyagraha Zone and Congressmen of the province should continue their normal activities. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
Mahatma Gandhi, In the course of a statement on the communal riots, said :”Hindu Muslim riots that have broken out in many important places in the country must have saddened all sane people. My grief, however, is special. Congress influence seems to have been practically unfelt during the dark days. We have proved ourselves barbarians and cowards in these places…… Congress influence is not to be measured by the number of members on the Congress register but by its leavening quality.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
May 10th: Sir Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah, Minister for Law and order, addressing the Unity Conference convened at Sukkur, declared: “Either the badmash elements who foment riots should be wiped out or I am fully prepared even to lay down my life for making Sind safe for peaceful citizens and am determined to maintain peace at any cost. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
May 15th: A number of European evacuees from Iraq have arrived in Karachi and such of them as have not been able to fend for themselves have been accommodated at the British Military Hospital pending disposal to camps elsewhere in India. About two hundred Indian evacuees mostly women and children also arrived on the 15th night and have been housed temporarily in the Pilgrims’ Camp. They were nearly all deck passengers and come from different parts of India. Arrangements are being made to send them to their respective homes. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the First half of May 1941, 19th May, 1941.]
May 16thAction is taken by “Sansar Samachar” (Sindhi Daily of Karachi) by Provincial Press Adviser on account For publication of misleading headlines of the resolution passed by the Calcutta National Democratic Union. [Gul Hayat Collection]
May 16thAction is taken by “Tej” (weekly of Jacobabad) by Provincial Press Adviser on account Publication of incorrect number of British losses during the Greek campaign. [Gul Hayat Collection]
May (First Half): The tone of the pres continues to be anti-Nazi and anti-Fascist. The situation in Iraq has been commented upon at length by the English newspapers. The "Sind Observer" has drawn the attention of the authorities towards the absences. Of shelters in Karachi and emphasized the need of construction several public shelters. All papers agree that the Anglo-Iraq clash is engineered by the Nazi propaganda and the “Daily Gazette” hope that Iraq's invaluable experiences will not be lost on other nations in the Middle East. Only one papers, the "Sansar Samachar", sounds a discordant note by saying that although the people have revolted against the British in Iraq at the instigation of Germany but Englishmen cannot escape the responsibility for this rupture and that they are paying for the high-handed treatment they meted out to the Iraqis. The Provincial Press Adviser has taken up the matter with the editor of "Sansar Samachar". The Muslim papers do not publish any comments on the Iraq situation. . The war situatin is regarded as critical and the “Sind Observer” typifies the general attitude when it remarks that there will be profound flow of sympathy from every part of the world to Great British in this hour of her dark trial. [Source No. P-25-h(s)/37, Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 19th May 1941 Fortnightly report for the First half of May 1941
May 23rd: An A.R.P. parade was held which was attended by His Excellency the Governor. His Excellency in an address to the A.R.P. personnel appealed for the enlistment of larger number in the A.R.P. Services and for constant training and watchfulness.[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 24th: District Sukkur Muslim League Conference is held at Sultankot under president ship of Makhdoom Mureed Hussain of Multan. It is largely attended big show of the party there.
May 25th: Under the auspicious of “Sindhi Sudhar Society” poetic sitting(Mushaira) is held at Larkana, and so many local poets participated. Poetry sent by various poets of Sindh and poetry and presented was published in next issue of “Adeeb Sindh”. [Gul Hayat Collection]
May 25th: In the Meeting held by Muslim League at Larkana , the Pakistan creed was explained in the meetings, the present Ministry was condemned and Muslims were urged to unite. At Sukkur and Larkana, local Khaskars provided a Salute to the Muslim League leaders. On the whole there is not much khaksar activity, but some efforts are being made to popularize the movement.[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 26th: Cholera has broken out in three districts-Dadu, Larkana, and Sukkur. So far only a few deaths have occurred and it is hoped that the precautionary measures taken will prevent the disease from spreading.[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 26th: Muslim Inhabitant Village Rustom send detailed letter to the President of the Sindh Muslim League apprising him of the high handedness of Hindus with Muslims. They have made complained regarding ignoring Muslim population by Hindus and have asked to take personal interest in resolving their problems. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
May (Second Half):Government reports through light on war situation it is said that “Events in Crete and Iraq have awakened interest in the war and the position in Iraq particularly has led to much speculation and also some nervousness regarding the possible liability of Karachi to air raids. If this leads to further recruitment to the A.R.P. Services, good will result. A certain number of residents of Karachi, mostly from cutch and Gujrat, have left the city for their homes. A Defense Committees has been formed with the Mayor as Chairman. It has sent in scheme costing Rs. 12 lakhs for the protection of certain vital services in the city and for digging subsoil water wells for fire fighting. The scheme is under the consideration of Government.
The arrival of evacuees from Iraq also created interest. The first two batches have particularly all been disposed of evacuees of European extraction being sent to Satara in the Bombay Presidency while those of Indian extraction were quickly sent to their homes. The third batch, which consists of the Baghdadi wives and children of British Indian subjects working in Iraq, present a problem of considerable difficulty as they seem to have no connections in India. They are being accommodated in the Pilgrims Camp here for the present”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of May 1941, 14th June, 1941.]
May (Second Half): The tone of the press continues to be friendly. The news from Iraq from Crete occupies the most prominent place. The Muslim paper have refrained from commenting on the Iraq situation, except the "Al-Wahid", which is a very old Muslim paper and is the mouth-piece of the Muslim League. Commenting on the events in Iraq, the paper observed that Rashid Ali Gillani's activities could not be eulogized nor could his negotiations with the Nazis be in the interest of the Islamic world. The policy of the Vichy Government to allow further concessions to Hitler has been universally condemned. The ”Sind Observer” remarked that Marshal Petain was guilty of a gross miscalculation if he has allowed Hitler to have his say in the Middle East. The ”Daily Gazette” calls it "a gross betrayal of a former ally." The "Karachi Daily" observed that Vichy has gone beyond the bounds of decency in hampering the war efforts of its former ally and that no amount of 'pettifoggers and quisling on Darlan's part can quiet the "qualms of conscience that the Frenchmen all over the world feel." The statement of President Roosevelt has had a good press and is regarded as hear tenting except by the ”Sind Observer” which remarks that "except for a vague declaration of a "state of emergency in the United States, there is nothing "in Roosevelt's speech to enthuse about.". Anxiety has been shown by all the papers regarding the inadequacy of the defense measures for the protection of the city of Karachi against possible air raids, The news of the exodus from Karachi has been published in certain papers, but advices have been give to the citizens in the editorial columns to keep calm and, net to leave the City in nervousness [Source Government of Sindh. Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 4th June 1941. Fortnightly Report for the Second half of May 1941].
May (Second Half): As per government secret reports “Congress propaganda is more or less at a stand –still. The Sind Provincial Congress Committee has decided to abolish the Sind Supreme Satyaraha Council in view of the remote possibility of ‘Satyagaraha’ being allowed in Sind. It is expected that order ‘Satyagraha’ committees will similarly be liquidated. It is rumored that Mahatma Gandhi may visit Sind with a view to stimulate propaganda for Hindu-Muslim unity”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of May 1941, 14th June, 1941.]
May(Second Half): The Sindh Government throws light on the performance of the press, that “the tone of the press continuous to be friendly. The news from Iraq and Crete occupies the most prominent place. The Muslim papers have refrained from commenting on the Iraq situation, except the “Alwahid”, which is a very old Muslim paper and is the mouth-piece of the Muslim league. Commenting on the events in Iraq, the paper observed that Rashid Ali Gillani’s activities could not be eulogized nor could his negotiations with the Nazis be in the interest of the Islamic world. The policy of the Vichy Government to allow further concessions to Hitler has been universally condemned. The “Sind Observer” remarked that Marshal Petain was guilty of a gross miscalculation if he has allowed Hitler to have his say in the Middle East. The “Daily Gazette” calls it “a gross betrayal of a former ally”. The “Karachi Daily” observed that Vichy has gone beyond the bounds of decency in hampering the War efforts of its former ally and that no amount of “pettifogger and quisling on Darlan’s part can quieten the qualms of conscience that the Frenchmen all over the world feel.” The statement of President Roosevelt has a good press and is regarded as heartening except by the “Sind Observer” which remarks that “except for a vague declaration of a state of emergency in the United States, there is nothing in Roosevelt’s speech to enthuse about.”
The Hindu press has published bitter comments on the speeches made by the Muslim Leaguers at the recent meeting of the Provincial League Committee at Sultankot in Sukkur district. The “Sind Observer” wrote a strong leading article remarking that the speeches had in them the seed of anarchy and disorder.
Anxiety has been shown by all the papers regarding the inadequacy of the defense measured for the protection of the city of Karachi against possible air raids. The news of the exodus from Karachi has been published in certain papers, but advices have been given to the citizens in the editorial columns to keep calm and not to leave the city in nervousness”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of May 1941, 14th June, 1941.]
May 27th: A public meeting of the Government Low Paid Staff Union was held under the president ship of Mr. Naraidas A. Bechar, M.L.A., in which resolutions were passed urging Government to grant war allowance, to fix an 8-hour day for the staff and to stop the taking of private work from them by officers. [Gul Hayat Collection]
May 28th: Malik Abdul Khaliq, Private Secretary to the Japanese Consul at Karachi, was arrested at Hoshiarpur (Punjab) under the orders of the Government of India, under Rule 129 of the Defense of India Rules. He was brought to Karachi on the 28th May, and has been detained in the Karachi District Prison under Rule 129(2) of the Defense of India Rules, pending for their orders.[Gul Hayat Collection]
May 28th: Students’ conferences were held in Sukkur, Hyderabad, and Karachi in which stress was laid on Hindu-Muslim unity, but in Sukkur the students gave voice to some anti-war and anti-recruitment slogans. [Gul Hayat Collection]
May 30th: Juma Khan ‘Gharib’ presides over Poetic Sitting jointly organized by Bazim Mushaera of Larkano and Sindhi Sudhar Society. [Gul Hayat Collection]
June 1st: The Government of India declared the Khaksar organization to be an unlawful association. The Provincial Governments were also instructed to take necessary steps to suppress the said organization. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
The All-India Committee of the Hindu Mahasabha, at its session in Calcutta, passed a resolution, postponing the question of launching a campaign of “direct action” on an All-India issue as suggested by the Madura resolution. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
June 6th: Secret paper of Sindh Government reveal that “No serious attempt to disregard the ban on the Khaksar organization was made. The Khaksars at Hyderabad and intended to collect in full uniform with the “belchas” and to march to various mosques on the 6th June. The District Magistrate Hyderabad, apprised the local Khaksar leaders of the Government orders and they abandoned their intention. The Khaksars offered prayers in mufti and their leader, Mir Ali Ahmed, in a short speech stated that they had decided to remain peaceful and not to break the law in obedience to the orders issued by their high command and not because they were afraid of the police or the military. He also ordered Khaksars to cease their activities until they received further orders from their high command. In Jacobabad, 9 khaksars were arrested out of whom 6 were released on apology, etc., 2 were sentenced to six months rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 100 had one was sentenced to two months rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 100. It is now proposed to release the three persons imprisoned if they apologize and give an undertaking not to defy the ban. No particular developments are expected and there seems to be no general interest or sympathy with the movement”
“The local Khaskar leader Mian Ahmed Shah, has issued a statement regarding the present position of the Khaskars in which he has commended the action of His Excellency the Governor of the North-West-Frontier Province in showing leniency to the Khaskars. He also hopes that the Government of India will re-consider their orders and has enjoyed upon the Khaskars to remain peaceful in the meantime. Orders have been issued for the release of the two Khaskars imprisoned recently, provided they give an undertaking to refrain from any undesirable activities in future. They are persons of no importance”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 19th June, 1941.]
June 9th : Action is taken against “Nizam” by Provincial Press Adviser on account of publication of incorrect number of New Zealand soldiers last during the operations in Crete. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 19th June, 1941.]
June 9th : Action is taken against “Sansar Samachar”by Provincial Press Adviser on account of publication of incorrect number of New Zealand soldiers last during the operations in Crete. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 19th June, 1941.]
June 13th : There were minor strike among the lorry drivers and laborer belonging to the contractors employed by the Dalmia Factory and a few laborers in the Light Flour Mills. A settlement was reached in both cases on the day of the strike. About 250 women laborer of Tatters field and Company dealers in wool went on strike and demanded that one of the employee who was discharged six months and should be reinstated. The strikers were persuaded to resume work. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 19th June, 1941.]
June 14th : Action is taken against “Mirpurkhas Gazette” by Provincial Press Adviser on account of commenting on the neutrality of Turkey. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 19th June, 1941.]
June 17th : About 300 laborers engaged by a Military contractor for the construction of a sewage line near the British Military Hospital went on strike as a protest against the non-payment of wages by the contractor. It appears that there was some dispute as to the amount of wages due and at present only 80 laborers are working, the remainder have either left or have been discharged. A few laborers belonging to the Cloth Printing works and the Light Flour Mill, Karachi, went on strike. They have been discharged. The East Tramways Employees’ Union held a meeting on the 17th June under the president ship of Mr. N.A. Bechar, M.L.A. Speeches were made complaining against the unsympathetic attitude of the Traffic Manager towards the employees decided to wait till the 7th of July and to watch the attitude of the Company. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 5th July, 1941.]
June 17th: For the nomination on the senate of Bombay University District Local Boards of Sindh recommended names of desiring candidates. Dr. Hothchand Jurbakshani and Moula Bakhsh Soomro were candidate for the senate membership of Bombay University. The Larakana District Board Unanimously recommended the name of Moula Bakhsh Soomro. [Gul Hayat Collection]
June 17th: Acharya Kripalani General Secretary of the A.I.C.C issued instructions for the guidance of Satyagrahis and Congress Committees after consultation with Mahatama Gandhi. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
June 19th: Fortnightly secret report send to Viceroy of India by Sind Governor reveals that “Secret Congress propaganda consists rightly of a few flag salutation ceremonies and speeches on Hindu Muslim Unity. No anti-war or objectionable speeches have come to notice. The Karachi District Congress Committee has expressed its disapproval of the proposed bill to increase the salaries of the members of the Legislative Assembly”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 19th June, 1941.]
June 19th : In his secret letter to the Viceroy of India, The Governor of Sindh apprise him of the role played by Sindh Press. He writes “The tone of the press continues to be friendly. The evacuation of Crete is regarded as damaging to the prestige of the Allies, although the fight which the Imperial troops out up has been applauded generally. The “Daily Gazette” observes that “lovers of Democracy ought not to lose their hearts and put their head together to avert future Crete’s.” The news of the Anglo Iraq armistice has been welcomed generally and has been received with much relief by the Muslim press. The “Sind Observer” remarked that “the dream castle of Rashid Ali has toppled down to its doon”. The “Daily Gazette” observes that the reverses in Crete are counterbalanced by the surrender of Iraq and the resumption of Anglo-Iraqi relationship which had temporarily broken up by the machinations of the enemy through Rashid Ali. The Hindu papers remarked that with the signing of the Anglo-Iraq armistice the danger of air raids to Karachi has been considerably removed. The attack on Syria by the British and Free French troops has been welcomed in all the sections of the press. The “Sind Observer” “hailed the news with delight”, so did the “Daily Gazette”. The “Sansar Samachar” remarked that it was a very popular move. The action of the Government of India in imposing a ban on the Khaksars movement has been generally welcomed by the Hindu Press which regards the Khaksars movement as a menace to the tranquility and peace of the country. The “Sind Observer” characteristics the movement as an organized attempt to set up Fascism in India. The Muslim press is reticent on the whole. Only three Muslim papers have written leading articles on the Government of India ban. The “Alwahid”, an old Sindhi paper, remarks that the movement is a peaceful one and appeals to Government to remove the ban. The “Bab-ul-islam”, an organ of the Khaksars published from Hyderabad, in a leading articles under the captions “In obedience to third step of Idarni Illahiya Hindiya” and “Dangerous Demonstration of English Power in Hyderabad city” remarks that Government had kept police and military guard near the mosques of Hyderabad City which are the houses or God in order to stop the activities of the sepoys of God and have thus prevented the slaves of God from worshipping Him. The “Muslim Voice”, is of the opinion that the Khaksars movement has suffered because of its faulty leadership and because of its refusal to come within the fold of the Muslim League and until Allama Mashraqi recognizes the leadership of Mr. Jinnah, he will not win the sympathy and confidence of the Muslims”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 19th June, 1941.]
June 19th : “A dacoity took place at Phul in Nawabshah district in which the shop of a Hindu bania was looted and a woman abducted. The woman was untraced for about a week, but has now been restored. Her abduction caused much anxiety in the minds of the Hindu public of Nawabshah district. Another dacoity is reported from a village in Thar Parkar district in which 4 Sikhs and 4 persons of other castes stole four horses and property worth Rs. 1000. The dacoits shot one Muslim and committed a number of brutalities”. [Gul Hayat Collection]
June 19th: An All-India Baluch Conference was convened at Karachi under the presidentship of Mir Bandeh Ali Khan Talpur, ex-Pronier. Resolutions were passed requesting the Kalat State authorities to remove the ban imposed on the National Baluch Party and the press and to grant reforms to Baluchistan. [Gul Hayat Collection]
June 20th: Fortnightly secret report send to Viceroy of India by Sind Governor reveals that “About half a dozen Congress meetings were held in different parts of the province. Speeches bearing on the Congress constructive program and Hindu-Muslim unity were made. The Local Congress Committee also organized a public meeting at Karachi to congratulate Lakhmichand Kinger, a Congress worker who has recently been convicted under the Defense of India Rules for making an objectionable speech.
The Sind Forward Bloc held a Conference on the 20th, 21st and 22nd June at Karachi under the chairmanship of Hamiduddin Dilbar of Dehli. It was very poorly attended. Speeches were made attacking the Congress leadership, which was characterized as capitalistic in outlook, and eulogizing the revolt of Mr. Subhas Chandra Bose. The disappearance of Mr. Bose was compared to the exile of Shiri Ramchandra, of Lenin and Lala Lajpatral. Congress was accused of falling to achieve Hindu-Muslim unity and ‘Charkha’, ‘Khadi’ and non-violence were condemned, Resolutions were also passed supporting the workers and peasant movement. Khaskar activities have ceased and the movement is moribund for the present”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of June 1941, 5th July , 1941.]
June( Second Half): As per secret reports of the Governor of Sindh “Communal relations continue to be satisfactory on the whole. It must be stated, however, that the propaganda carried on by the Sind Branch of the Muslim League is calculated to weaken the prevailing sense of inter-communal harmony, inasmuch as it tries to inflame the minds of the ignorant portion of the Muslim community by preaching that the Hindus have at all times been exploiting them and draining from them their material resources. Uninformed Muslims are therefore encouraged to believe that no consideration whatever should be shown to Hindus. This Government is not prepared to allow this kind of propaganda to continue unchecked as it is bound to have serious repercussions in the province and to sow the seed of communal hatred leading to the same consequence as it did when it resulted in the Sukkur riots. Such mischievous propaganda undesirable as it is in time of peace, cannot on any account to be tolerated in an emergency like the present”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of June 1941, 5th July , 1941.]
June 25th:The meeting of Muslim inhabitant of village Malik of Talpur of Moroo is held in the bungalow of Haji Gul Muhammad Khan and it is presided over by Moulvi Muhammad Amil. In this meeting branch of Sindh Muslim League is formed with following of its bearer:
Muhammad Bakhsh Khan Khero(President), Moulvi Muhammad Amil (Vice President), Mian Muhammad Yousuf (Secretary), Mian Ahmad Khan (Treasurer). The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
June 25th: Meeting Sindh Muslim League working committee is held at the residence of Khan Bahadur Muhammad Ayub KHuhro in which matters relating to SIndh Legislative Assembly are discussed and decision are taken in this regard. [Gul Hayat Collection]
June 29th: Under the auspicious of “Sindhi Sudhar Society” poetic sitting(Mushaira) is held at Larkana, and so many local poets participated. Poetry sent by various poets of Sindh and poetry and presented was published in next issue of “Adeeb Sindh”.The sitting was presided by Ali Muhammad Abbasi [Gul Hayat Collection
July 1st: Sir Sikandar Hyat Khan, strongly criticized the communal note in the speeches of some students at the Conference of the Lyallpur District Muslim Student’s Federation. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
July 4th: The conference of Hindu Leader which was held in Benares, considered the riots situation in India and come to the conclusion that Hindus should organize volunteer defense association in their words, or groups of villages. Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya addressed the conference and among others Dr. Sherma Prasad Mukherjee, Master Tara Singh and Dr. B.S. Moonji were present. [Gul Hayat Collection]
July 4th: The conference of Hindu leaders which was held in Benares, considered the riots situation in India and came to the conclusion that Hindus should organize volunteer defense association in their wards or groups of villages for the purpose of warding off deliberate organized attacks upon them Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya addressed the conference and among others Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, Master Tara Singh and Dr. B.S. Moonje were present. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
July 4th: The Sind Government by a Gazette Extraordinary bound the Muslim League Conference at Sakrand, scheduled to commence on July 6, under the presidentship of Maulana Zaffar Ali Khan, M.L.A. (Central) as the locality was declared a Cholera infected area. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
July 5th: In his secret letter to the Viceroy of India, The Governor of Sindh apprises him of the role played by Sindh Press. He writes “ The tone of the Press and the presentation of the war news is strongly anti-Nazi. The German invasion of Russia has been condemned in very bitter terms by the entire Press; it is regarded as an exhibition of Nazi lust for territory and materials and a proof of the hollowness of Hitler’s pacts and promises. The attack is regarded as entirely unprovoked. The consensus of opinion seems to be that it is an act of a man in a desperate mood. While papers with loyal tendencies regard this new venture of Nazi Germany as the beginning of its end, quite a number of papers express doubts as to the effectiveness of Russian resistance. It is regarded that Germany’s pre-occupation with Russia will give England the much needed breathing space.
Comments on the Turko-German pact are divided the “Sind Observer” remarks that it has been signed under duress, the “Daily Gazette” attaches no value to it, and the “Alwahid”, the only Muslim paper, to comment upon it, regards it as an honorable pact between two sovereign States.
There are some more comments on the banning of the Khaskar Movement. The “Sind Zamindar” States that the movement has been declared unlawful only on suspicion and adds that the activities of the Congress are more harmful than those of the Khaskars. The “Paigham-e-Sulh” and the “Bab-ul-Islam” appeal to the Government to remove the ban. These papers are of the Government to remove the ban. These papers are of the mofussil and are of minor importance. Only one paper indulged in objectionable comments, viz., “Hamdard” a Sindhi weekly of Hala, District Hyderabad, of small circulation. In the course of an article in this paper, it was observed that the Government of India had been misled by false propaganda against the Khaskars and that they wanted to wreak vengeance on the Muslims for the conditions brought about the Germany. The District Magistrate was requested to call the editor and warn him that such writings were actionable and should not be repeated. The paper has not written on the Khaskars after that. The Provincial Press Adviser had explained the attitude of the Government of India towards the movement to the editors of the Muslim dailies of Karachi and they have refrained from writing on this subject.
The resignation of Mr. K.M. Munshi from the Congress has drawn comments from a number of papers. Paper with pro-Congress tendencies foresee in Mr. Munshi’s resignation a revolt against Mr. Gandhi’s leadership, which is characterized as puerile. The “Karachi Daily” which is edited by a Congressman, characterizes the present day Congress as a movement of religious mendicants.
The news about the circulation of the “Talking points on India”, prepared by the British Ministry of Information, was republished by the “Sind Observer” and the “Daily Gazette” from the “Hindu” of Madras. Both the papers condemned the views expressed in the “talking points” and regarded then as an insult to India and calculated to do much harm to the relationship of the two countries.”
[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 5th July, 1941.]
July 5th: Government secret report reveals that “The action taken in Syria has been welcomed while outbreak of war between Germany and Russia has been received by a general expression of relief, the reason for which it is not easy to understand. It is clear that the public as a whole do not appreciate the possible implications of the attack on Russia, but this is perhaps not to be wondered at. The immediate reaction appears to be spread of an impression that India has been freed from any immediate danger and this is unfortunate in so far as it intensifies the general feeling that India is still far from the war area and that active assistance to the war effort is therefore less urgent. The protestation against the inadequacy of the provincial preparations for air attacks and other defense measures have in great measures ceased. The A.R.P. preparation in Karachi have recently been inspected by the Government of India A.R.P. Officer and have been declared to be much below requirements and in part faulty in organization. As the province so far has received no expert advice in the matter, this is not altogether surprising”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 5th July 1941.]
July 5th: As per government secret reports “No Serious crime is reported during the fortnight. The robbery at Phul in Nawabshah District, which was mentioned in my last report, was committed by three men of whom one Urs Khaskeli was a particularly dangerous criminal, who was wanted for a number of crimes. There appears to have been a dispute among the robbers over the booty resulting in the death of Urs Khaskali. The other two men have been apprehended. In response to the persistent demand for the strengthening of the Police force, Government have decided to add 167 Head Constables and 365 Constables to the regular Police force and 41 Constables to the Railway Police force submission of complete re-organization schemes for each district by the Inspector-General of Police”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 5th July, 1941.]
July 6th: K.B. Allah Bux Soomro, Premier of Sindh, in an interview at Lahore, while appealing for communal unity and advocating that Party propaganda should cease for the duration of the war, said that ‘any gesture from the British Government towards Indian aspirations would be in the interest of Britain herself at this junctures’. (Source: The Indian Annual Register, Voll-11, 1941)
July 6th: Muslim League propaganda in the mofussil is on the increase but a large conference which was to have been held in the Nawabshah District on the 6th July has been banned on account of an outbreak of cholera.[Gul Hayat Collection]
July 6th: Mr. K. M. Munshi in the course of a statement to the press (from Bombay) appealing for an “Akhand (undivided) Hindustan front” said “ An a time like the present unless the country as a whole takes immediate steps to put the house in order it may find itself in the gravest danger.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
July 6th:Mahatma Gandhi issued a statement to the press from Wardhaganj restating the position as regards the Satyagraha movement that it was not intended to embrass authority in any way. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
July 6th:Khan Bahadur Allah Bakhsh, Premiere of Sind in an interview at Lahore, while appealing for communal unity and advocating that party propaganda should cease for the duration of the war, said that any “any gesture from the British Government towards Indian aspirations would be in the interest of Britain herself at this juncture. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
July 7th: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, who arrived at Lahore from Peshawar on his way to Wardha was met at the railway station by Miah Iftikhar-ud-Din. President of the Punjab Provincial Congress Committee and Khan Bahadur Allah Bakhsh Premiere of Sind. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
July 10th: In the House of Commons, Mr. Amery in the course of a reply to Mr. Sorenson, said that he could not accept Mr. Soreson’s inference with regard to the effect of the altered international situation upon the political deadlock in India. In any case, he was not in a position to make any fresh statement on the subject. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
July 12th: The Sind Provincial Hindu Mahasabha held a meeting at Karachi at which resolutions were passed urging the Hindus in the mofussil to Endeavour to secure arms licenses for their protection and requesting Government to enforce adequate measures to protect Hindu life and property. [Gul Hayat Collection]
July 13th: The Sind Provincial Hari Committee has opened a central office in Karachi, which is intended to ventilate the grievances of “haris” all over the province. There was a strike in the Sind Flour Mills, where 98 out of the 105 workers went on strike. Their demands were for a minimum wage of Rs. 30/-, the provision of clothing and the granting of loans on the security of the workers’ Provident Fund. The strikes was called off the next day and the matter referred to arbitration. The East India Tramways Employees’ Union have issued handbills requesting the public of Karachi to help the tramways employees in securing their demands. The handbill criticized the management for alleged indifference to the demands of the workers.[Gul Hayat Collection]
July (Second Half):Sindh Government secret papers through right on the performance of sindhi Press “The announcement of the expansion of the Viceroy’s Executive Council and the formation of the National Defense Council has not been received favorably. The Hindu press as well as the Muslim papers showed dissatisfaction at what they call “belated and perfunctory expansion” The only paper which defended the step was the “Daily Gazette” That paper, however, also referred to the “inherent defect” of the scheme as it dealt with individuals instead of parties, but it emphasized that the features of the majority of Indians and non-officials in the Executive Council of His Excellency the Viceroy. The “Sind Observer” wrote a series of articles condemning the expansions. It characterized the stop as “more eye wash” its main theme being that Swaraj was as distant from India after the announcement as it was before it. The “Hindu” characterized the stop as another attempt on the part of the British Government to Keep India under its meet. The “Hayat” and “Alwahid” two Muslim papers opine that the gentleman selected are not true representatives of the people. The nomination of the Premiere of Sind on the National Defense Council is adversely commented upon in the nationalist press. The “Hindu” observed that this was not consistent with the policy of the Congress whose member are supporting the present Government and even exhorted the Congress M.L.As to resign as a measure of protest.
The proceedings of the Non-Party Conference have received due publicity and its resolutions have been generally welcomed. The “Sind Observer” has been particularly eloquent in paying tributes to the politicians who took part in the Conference. The Muslim papers have not, however, shown any enthusiast and remarks that the Conference was convened by Hindu Leaders to safeguards their own interests.
War news continues to occupy the most prominent place. There is general admiration for the way in which Russia is holding on and there is keen sympathy for the Russian struggle. The news ordering the freezing of the Japanese assets in the United States of America and England has been generally welcomed. The headlines and comments are anti-Japanese, and it is generally stated that if Japan is indiscreet enough to enter the war it will mean her downfall”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of July 1941, 5th August, 1941.]
July (Second Half): Sindh Government secret papers through right on the performance of Sindhi Press “The “V” Sign has been adopted by the two leading papers of Karachi, the “Sind Observer” and the “Daily Gazette”. War news is portrayed in headings showing much sympathy with Russia. Japan’s menacing moves in the Far East have been universally condemned. The “Sind Observer” observes that it is impossible for Japan to wage war against ABCD powers, (meaning America, Britain, China, and Dutch East Indies), at this juncture The “Daily Sind News” fools that if Britain and America were to warn Japan, she would come to her senses. The meeting between Mr. Churchchill and President Roosevelt has received much publicity and the joint statement issued on the Allies war aims has been prominently displayed. The “Sind Observer” in a leading article, appeals to Mr. Churchill to “take the earliest opportunity to announce on behalf of “His Majesty’s Government that India, too, will be free “of British domination like the rest of the world as soon as “Hitlerism is crushed” The same paper also remarks that with such liberal peace aims it would be surprising if Hitler does not lay down his arms.
The passage of the India and Burma Postponement of Election Bill has been unfavorably commented upon. The Main line of argument is that if Canada and Australia could hold general elections right in the midst of the war, there should be no excuse to deprive the Indian electorate of this right. The “Sind Observer”, in its “ Shot and Shell” column, remarks that “The talk of communal trouble is only a smoke-screen and that the fact is that Lord linlithgow and Mr. Amery are mortally afraid of Congress coming into power in 8 or 9 province once more.”
Mr. Amery’s recent speech in the Parliament has also been adversely commented upon. The “Daily Gazette” observed that “to those who have been pleading that India should be persuaded at any cost to identify in heart and soul with the cause of war and war effort the orations and perorations of the Secretary of State in the House of Commons will cause deep disappointment.” The “Sind Observer” remarks that although the British Government have emphasized that it is for Indian political parties and other non-parties to frame the future constitution of India after the war there is no undertaking given that such constitution will be necessarily accepted by the British Government. The “Hindu” stated that the only redeeming feature in Mr. Amery’s speech was that he opposed the Pakistan scheme.
Commenting on Mr. Jinnah’s threat of disciplinary action against the League Premiers, the “Daily Gazette” appealed to Mr. Jinnah “to revise his policy and program so as to be in line with the mental working of his followers.” The “Sind Observer” remarked that Mr. Jinnah will dig the grave of Muslim League in Assam, Bengal and the Punjab by the action contemplated against their Premiere. No Muslim paper, except “Zamana” has commented upon this topic. The “Zamana” approves of the independent outlook of Mr. Jinnah.
The instructions of the chief Press Adviser that the news regarding the activities of the allowed to appear were conveyed to all the newspaper. In the Reuters message if the July 31st July, mention was made of the activities of the enemy agents in man and North-west Frontier. The “Sind Observer” omitted reference to the North-West Frontier. The “Hindu”, “Sansar Samachar”, “Alwahid”, and “Qurbani”, all daily papers of Karachi, however, included the news in their headlines. They were told not to repeat this in future. It was unfortunate that reference to the North-West Frontier was not excluded from Reuters Message.”[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of July 1941, 5th August, 1941.]
July 16th : one Srikant Kanthia, a native of Mysore, who had taken a prominent part in the recent strike of the Karachi Electric Supply Corporations and who had made attempts to bring out the employees of t other large concerns in support of the strikers, was ordered to be deported. The Karachi Electric Supply Corporation Union held a meeting to congratulate him on the deportation and the States Peoples’ Association organized a public meeting which was presided over by Dr. Popatlal A. Bhootpatkar, M.L.A. The order has since been cancelled on condition that Srikant Kanthia and his wife give an undertaking, backed by two sureties, that he will refrain from anti-war activities and will take no part in any strike for the duration of the war.[Gul Hayat Collection]
July 19th: Sital Kumar Hemrajani is born at Naseerabad after Partition he along with his family migrated to India and settled their in Mumbai. He earned his name and fame as writer, drama actor and director.[Gul Hayat Collection]
July 22nd : Action is taken against “Hindu” (Daily Sindhi of Karachi) by Provincial Press Adviser on account publication of incorrect number of air raid casualties in Britain during the month of April 1941. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 5th August, 1941.]
July 22nd : Action is taken against “Alwahid” (Sindhi daily of Karachi) by Provincial Press Adviser on account publication of incorrect number of air raid casualties in Britain during the month of April 1941. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 5th August, 1941.]
July (Second Half) : Government secret report reveals that “Very Considerable interest is being displayed in connection with the struggle which taking place in Russia and increased attention is being paid to the radio news from Berlin, the reception of which however is not very good. The local Socialists and Communities are now taking the line that the attack on Russia makes it necessary for them to support the war. Mr. N.A. Bechar, M.L.A., the local labor leader, who claims Soviet Russia as his ‘Spiritual home’, convened a meeting which was attended by about two hundred persons, mostly laborers. The meeting passed resolutions condemning the German invasion of Russia, appealing to the Congress to direct its energies to assist Soviet Russia, requesting Government to releases and remove restrictions from all communist leader in order to enable them to work for the destruction of Hitlerism and asking Government to permit the sending of volunteers and money of Russia. Mr. N.A. Bechar and Mr. Abdul Kadir, President of the Sind Provincial Hari Committee, have issued instructions to “Haris” (cultivators) and laborers throughout the province to hold meetings and to condemn the invasion of Russia. Propaganda is also being carried on amongst the laborers, who have been asked to contribute one day’s wages for a war fund for soviet Russia and also to assist in recruitment for the war.
The general attitude to the war remains much the same. There is still considerable interest in the progress of events in Russia, but it is recognized that the situation there is very grave. There is general condemnation of the part Japan is seeking to play. District Congress Committees have received instructions that all Congress members in the Municipalities, Local body concerned votes any money for the War Purposes Fund and a proposal put forward in the Karachi Municipal Corporation that the Corporation should contributes Rs. 5000 to the War Fund was declared out of order by the Mayor mostly through the influence of the Congress members who would have been called upon to resign if the resolution had been carried. The Municipal Corporation is prepared to call upon both the Government of India and the Government of Sind to undertake heavy expenditure to protect the people of Karachi from air raids, but it is no prepared to do much else.
The freezing of Japanese assets in America and England is taken to portend the declaration of war between Japan and these countries. This has led to the apprehension that these countries. This has led to the apprehension that there will be a serious shortage of cloth. Consequently there is a great rush on the local cloth shops in Karachi and Hyderabad with a natural rise in prices”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, the second half of July 1941 19th July, 1941.]
July (Second Half) :In his fortnightly secret report, the governor of Sindh writes that “Congress propaganda included the usual Flag salutation ceremonies and a few meetings. Mahatma Gandhi is understood to have issued instructions to the Provincial Congress Committees that the principles of non-violence must be strictly followed even in the event of Congress members being attacked by dacoits. In pursuance of these instructions. Peace Brigades have been formed. Apart from the most fervent followers of Mahatma Gandhi, the people of the Province, however, are very skeptical of the efficacy of non-violence. The Hindus particularly are insistent in their demands for more gun licenses”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of July 1941, 5th August, 1941.]
July 27th : J.B.Kriplani, (Sindhi) General Secretary of the Congress, laid emphasis on the aspect of construction work by Satyagarahis as well as by those Congressmen, who did not sign the pledge, in the course of a circular issued to the several Congress Committees in the country. (Source: The Indian Annual Register, Vol-11, 1941).
July 27th : About 700 workers in the Asian Flour Mills struck work on the 25th July as a Protest against the refusal of the management to accept certain demands. The laborers resumed work on the same day as a results of negotiations by Mr. N.A. Bechar, M.L.A.[Gul Hayat Collection]
July 27th : The Muslim League held a few meetings. In one a resolution was passed asking the Muslim members of the Sind legislative Assembly to pass a vote of no-confidence against the Government for banning the Sakrand Conference. The League intends to call a conference at Sann in the Dadu District on the 27th instant. The City Muslim League, Karachi, has decided to concentrate on ventilating the grievances of the Muslim employees in Government services and exploring methods of employment for Muslims.[Gul Hayat Collection].
July 27th: The Tilak week started that ended on 1st August, “A number of Congress meetings were held in the Province. The audiences were mainly composed of Hindus. At some of these meetings the speakers indulged in anto-Britain and anti-war remarks. Swami Krishanand, while speaking in Karachi, depreciated the present inactivity on the part of the leaders and the policy of Mahatma Gandhi. He asserted that India that India could never obtain Swaraj unless she embraced the British Government. He added that non-violence could never bring about the freedom of any country. Another speaker referred to an article of professor Harold Laski in the “National Herald” and commended his observations that this war was being fought for world domination between two Imperialism. Tributes were paid to the part played by the late Mr. Tilak in the cause of India freedom and it was observed that he was the First Indian leader to realize that freedom for this country could be achieved only by suffering and not by clamoring for a few jobs and offices. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the First half of August 1941, 20th August, 1941.]
July 27th: Under the auspicious of “Sindhi Sudhar Society” poetic sitting(Mushaira) is held at Larkana, and so many local poets participated. Poetry sent by various poets of Sindh and poetry and presented was published in next issue of “Adeeb Sindh”. [Gul Hayat Collection]
July 27th : J.B. Kriplani, G.S of the Congress laid emphasis on the aspect of construction work by Satyagrahis as well as by those congress man, who did not sign the pledge in the corner of circular issue to the served Congress committees in the country. [Gul Hayat Collection]
July (second Half): Swarms of locust have been observed in the Thar Parkar district and some have flown over the Nawabshah district and some have flown over the Nawabshah district although they have not done much damage so far. Steps are being taken to combat them. Heavy rains in the Desert Division of Mirpurkhas have done considerable damage to the standing cotton crop, but as the crops are still under water, a correct estimate of the damage cannot be made.
The locust menace is now more serious in Dadu and Thar Parkar districts and in addition to other measures, attempts are being made to defeat it by paying cultivators rupee one per bag for dead locusts killed in Thar Parkar district.
Cholera is still widespread and the number of cases of attacks and deaths up to the 16th August 1941 was 2,183 and 1089 respectively. Eight posts of S.S.M.S officers have been created to intensify preventive measures and all fairs and gatherings have been banned till the end of this month in all district but one.
There was a slight error in paragraph 2 of my report for the first half of July. A reference was made to the “local khaksar leader, Mian Ahmed Shah”. Mian Ahmed Shah is not a local man; he belongs to the North West Frontier Province. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of July 1941, 5th August, 1941.]
July 29th: Mr. J.B. Kripalani, General Secretary of the Congress, laid emphasis on the aspect of constructive work by Satyagraha as well as by those Congressmen, who did not sign the pledge in the course of a circular issued to the several Congress Committees in the country. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
August 1st: “Hindu Mitar” monthly journal is founded in Sukkur with Wadhanmal Verma as its editor. This proved to be an organ of Hindu Relgion and created some communal problem and misunderstandings in the area.[Gul Hayat Collection]
August 4th: Acharya Kripalani, General Secretary of the Congress, observed at Wardhaganj; “Mr. Amery has spoken again. He seems to support that if he repeats himself often enough he will carry convictions.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
August 6th: “Sindh Sagar Institute” is established at village Pir Jhando under the auspicious of “Jamna Narbida Sindh Sagar Party” of Moulana Obaidullah Sindhi. This institute remained very active for years and imported religious teaching and training to followers of Moulana Sindhi.[Gul Hayat Collection]
August 7th: Dr. Rabindra Nath Tagore, the poet, died at the age of 81 in his ancestral home in Calcutta. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
August 10th: The all parties Sikh Conference held at Amritsar, passed a resolution condemning the policy of the Government for not including a Sikh in the expanded Executive Council of the Viceroy and the “extremely meager” representation of the community in the National Defense Council. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
August 12th: Pandit Madan Mohan Malavayia in a statement from Banares, recommended the holding of public meetings on August 17, to repeat the condemnation of the Communal Award and Separate Communal Electorates. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
August 14th: Sheikh Abdul Majid, ex-Minister and General Secretary of the Sind Provincial Muslim League in a statement from Karachi observed: “So long as the Muslim League does not call upon its members to withdraw from Provincial Legislatures and Provincial Cabinets, the Muslim League Premieres have to go and perform the duties devolving upon them in their official capacities .” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
August (First Half): The City Muslim League, Karachi, held a meeting in which full confidence in the leadership of Mr. Jinnah and dissatisfaction at the exclusion of the Muslim League representatives in the Viceroy’s Executive Council were expressed. Mr. Shaikh Abdul Majid, M.L.A., ex-Minister, and General Secretary of the Sind Provincial Muslim League, In a statement to the press observed that the policy of the Muslim League is neither anti-war nor anti-non-violence. The League’s Policy is pro-war and it is prepared to co-operate with the British Government on certain conditions. Although these conditions had not been fulfilled, the Muslim League had not resorted to non-co-operation.[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the First half of August 1941, 20th August, 1941.]
August 16th: Action is taken against Weekly “Sindhi” Sindhi of Sukkur by Provincial Press Adviser on account of publishing the news regarding Japanese leaving Karachi & asked to publish a correction. [Gul Hayat Collection]
August (First Half): The Sind Press through light on the War situation. The "V" sign has been adopted by the two leading papers of Karachi, the ”Sind Observer” and the ”Daily Gazette”. War now is portrayed in headlines showing much sympathy with Russia. Japan's menacing moves in the Far East have been universally condemned. The ”Sind Observer” observes that it is impossible for Japan to wage war against A B C D powers, (meaning America, Britain, China, and Dutch East Indies), at this juncture. The "Daily Sind News" feels that if Britain and American were to warn Japan `she would come to her senses. The meeting between Mr. Churchill and President Roosevelt has received much publicity and the joint statement issued on the Allies war aims has been prominently displayed. The ”Sind Observer”, in a leading article, appeals to Mr. Churchill to take the earliest opportunity to announce on behalf of "His Majesty's Government that India, too, will be free "of British domination like the rest of the world as soon as "Hitlerism is crushed." The same paper also remarks that with such liberal peace aims it would be surprising if Hitler does not lay down his arms.
The passage of the India and Burma Postponement of Elections Bill has been unfavorably commented upon. The main line of argument is that if Canada and Australia could hold general elections right in the midst of the war, there should be no excuse to deprive the Indian electorate of this right. The ”Sind Observer”, in its "Shot and Shell" column, remarks that "the talk of communal trouble is "only a smoke-screen and that the fact is that Lord Linlithgow "and Mt. Amery are mortally afraid of Congress coming into "power is 8 or 9 provinces once more."
Mr. Amery's recent speech in the Parliament has also been adversely commented upon. The “Daily Gazette” observed that "to those who have been pleading that India "should be persuaded at any cost to identify in heart and "soul with the cause of war and war effort the orations "and preparations of the Secretary of state in the House of "Commons will cause deep disappointment." The ”Sind Observer” remarks that although the British Government have emphasized that it is for Indian political parties and other non-parties to from the future constitution of India after the war there is no undertaking given that such constitution will be necessarily accepted by the British Government. The "Hindu" stated that the only redeeming feature in Mr. Amir’s speech was that he opposed the Pakistan scheme.
Commenting on Mr. Jinnah's threat of disciplinary action against the League Premiers, the ”Daily Gazette” appealed to Mr. Jinnah "to revise his policy and programmed "so as to be in line with the mental working of his followers". The "Sind Observed" remarked that Mr. Jinnah will dig the grave of Muslim League in Assam, Bengal and the Punjab by the action contemplated against their Promiers. No Muslim papers, except “Zamana” has commented upon this topic. The “Zamana” approves of the independent outlook of Mr. Jinnah.
The instruction of the Chief Press Advisor that the news regarding the activities of the enemy agents on the North-West Frontier province should not be allowed to appear was conveyed to all the newspapers. In the Reuters to appear were conveyed to all the newspapers. In the Reuters message of the 31st July, mention was made of the activities of the enemy agents in man and North-west Frontier. The ”Sind Observer” omitted reference to the North Frontier. The "Hindu", "Sansar Samachar", Al-Wahid", and "Qurbani", all daily papers of Karachi, however, included the news in their headlines. They were told not to repeat this in future. It was unfortunate that reference to the North-West Frontier was not excluded from Reuters Massage.
Concerning the Congress there is nothing of interest to report. The Sind Muslim League intends to hold a conference at Hyderabad in September 1941, and it is proposed to ask the Honorable Sir Sikandar Hyat Khan to preside. The League received the Government decision to ban the conference at Sakrand in the Nawabshah district with some resentment and Mr. M.A. Jinnah sent a wire to His Excellency the Governor asking for his intervention. In view of the large numbers of cholera cases in the neighboring districts of Larkana, Dadu, and Sukkur and of the fact that cases were occurring in the Nawabshah district itself, it would have been most inadvisable to allow the conference to be held.
The tone of the Press is satisfactory and the presentation of the war news strongly anti-Nazi. The news of the Syrian armistice has been widely welcomed. The usual comments are that Germany left Syria in the Lurch after engineering a revolt and making many promises. The ”Sind Observer” remarks that with the armistice with Syria, the command of the Eastern Mediterranean by the British navy is complete. Russian resistance to Germany is being applauded and the Anglo-Russian pact is regarded as a wise measure which will infuse the Russians with fresh hopes and energy. The "Daily Gazette's" remarks that" the pact opens the final chapter to complete " the Nazi overthrow" is echoed in the vernacular Press. The appointment of General Sir Arochibald Wavell as Commander-in -chief in India has been favorably commented upon. It is also regarded as a proof of the impending danders to Injdia. No enthusiasm is being shown in the expansion of the Viceroy's Executive Council or the formation of the War advisory Committee. The consensus of opinion is that the expansion will not alter the nature of the Government of India which is run on bureaucrat ion lines. The extension of the term of the Central Legislative Assembly by one year has been deprecated. The " Sind Observer" remarks that Government is afraid of the power of Congress and therefore fights of general election. [Source of Government of Sind Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 19th July 1941, Fortnightly Report for the First Half of July 1941].
August (Second Half): The Government secret correspondence put press role on the record. The Roosevelt- Churchill meetings and joint declaration was published in banner headlines in all the newspapers. It was hailed as a historical statement giving in a nut-shall and precise language the allied war aims. The declaration has been criticized in one aspect only that it did not contain any reference to India. The ”Daily Gazette” remarked that the "Roosevelt-Churchill statement is about the finest "Piece of news the world has had since the beginning of the war." The ”Hindu” remarked that the oppressed and tyrannized countries of the world would find solace in the eight points of the declaration. The "Hindu Sansar" appealed to the British Government to concede immediately the Congress demand in respect of the constituent Assembly. The "Qurbani" failed to understand why British Government was so solicitous of the rights and freedom of the small European countries when it paid no heed whatsoever to the demands of 40 millions of India's inhabitants. The ”Daily Gazette” characterize Mr. Churchill's broadcast as an inspired and inspiring message of hope and enthusiasm, but regretted that Mr. Churchill again missed the opportunity of pacifying Indian opinion.
The reactions to the Anglo-Soviet military action in Iran have been favorable. The ”Sind Observer” remarked the advantages of mobilizing full Russian strength would have been lost had the Allies hesitated "without marching into Iran and made a present of it "to Hitler". The ”Daily Gazette” hopes that the world of Islam will bless the Anglo-Russian expedition in Iran. All the Hindu papers supported the British move and characterized it as necessary for India's security. The Muslim papers made no comments for 2 or 3 days. They merely published the news from Iran. Apparently they were watching to see the reactions of the Muslim papers in the Punjab. The "Al-Wahid", Hayat", and ”Zamana” Expressed regret on the attack of Iran and opined that it was not necessary. The ”Zamana” in a subsequent article, which was strongly worded, expressed similar, views taking its from the ”Shahbaz” published news to the effect that nearly 250 Iranis living in Karachi will be intervened, the hotels of Iranis will be closed and the Iran Consul, residing in Karachi, will be give a passport to Iran. The attention of editors of these papers was drawn to this news. They were asked to disclose their "source of information". which they have not done so far, and also informed them that it was most undesirable that such rumors should be given currency. The resolution passed by the Working Committee of the Muslims League on Iran has not found in any newspapers. Satisfaction is being expressed at the Later development in Iran by all the papers.
The announcement of the expansion of the viceroy's Executive Council and the formation of the National Defense Council has not been received favorably. The Hindu press as well as the Muslim papers showed dissatisfaction at what they call "belated and perfunctory expansion." The only paper which defended the step was the ”Daily Gazette”. That paper, however, also referred to the "inherent defect" of the scheme as it dealt with individuals instead of parties, but it emphasized that the feature of the majority of Indians and non-officials in the Executive Council of His Excellency the Viceroy. The "Sind Observed" wrote a series of articles condemning the expansion. It characterized the stop as "mere eye wash", its main theme being that Swaraj was as distant from India after the announcement as it was before it. The "Hindu" characterized the, stop as another attempt on the part of the British Government to keep India under its heel. The "Hayat" and "Al-Wahid" , two Muslim papers, opine that the gentlemen selected are not true representatives of the people. The nomination of the Premier of Sind on the National Defense Council is adversely commented upon in the nationalist press. The "Hindu" observed that this was not consistent with the policy of the Congress whose members are supporting the present Government and even exhorted the Congress M.L.As. to resign as a measure of protest.
The tone of the Press and the presentation of the war news is strongly anti-Nazi. The German invasion of Russia has been condemned in very bitter terms by the entire Press, it is regarded as a exhibition of Nazi lust for territory and materials and a proof of the hollowness of Hitler's pacts and promises. The attack is regarded as entirely unprovoked. The consensus of opinion seems to be that it is an act of man in a desperate mood. While papers with loyal tendencies regard this new venture of Nazi Germany as the beginning of the end, quite a numbers of papers express doubts as to the effectiveness of Russian resistance. It is regarded that Germany's pre-occupation with Russia will give England the much needed breathing spaces. [Source of Government of Sind Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 5th July 1941, Fortnightly Report for the Second Half of June 1941].
Comments on the Turko-German Pact are divided. The “Sind Observer” remarks that it has been signed under duress, the ”Daily Gazette “attaches no value to it, and the "Al-Wahid", the only Muslim paper, to comment upon it, regards it as an honorable pact between two sovereign States.
The Roosevelt-Churchill meeting and joint declaration was published in banner headlines in all the newspapers of Sindh. It was hailed as a historic statement giving in a nut-shall and precise language the allied war aims. The declaration has been criticized in one aspect only-that it did not contain any reference to India. The “Daily Gazette” remarked that the “Roosevelt-Churchill statement is about the finest “piece of news the world has had since the beginning “of the war”. The “Hindu” remarked that the oppressed and tyrannized countries of the world would find solace in the eight points of the declaration. The “Hindu Sansar” appealed to the British Government to concede immediately the Congress demand in respect of the Constituent Assembly. The “Qurbani” failed to understand why British Government was so solicitous of the rights and freedom of the small European countries when it paid no heed whatsoever to the demand of 40 millions of India’s inhabitants. The “Daily Gazette” characterized Mr. Churchill’s broadcast as an inspired and inspiring message of hope and enthusiasm, but regretted that Mr. Churchill again missed the opportunity of pacifying Indian opinion. The reactions to the Anglo-Soviet military action in Iran have been favorable. The “Sind Observer” remarked “the advantages of mobilizing full Russian “strength would have been lost had the Allies hesitated “without marching into Iran and made a present of it “to Hitler.” The “Daily Gazette” hoped that the world of Islam will bless the Anglo-Russian expedition in Iran. All the Hindu papers supported the British move and characterized it as necessary for India’s security. The Muslim papers made no comments for 2 and 3 days. They merely published the news from Iran. Apparently they were watching to see the reactions of the Muslim papers in the Punjab. The “Alwahid”, “Hayat”, and “Zamana” expressed regret on the attack of Iran and opined that it was not necessary. The “Zamana” in a subsequent article, which was strongly worded, expressed similar views taking it’s from the “Shahbaz” of Lahore. The “Nizam”, “Hindus Sansan”, and “Sansar Samacher” published news to the effect that nearly 250 Iranis living in Karachi will be interned, the hotels of Iranis will be-closed and the Iran Censual, residing in Karachi, will be given a passport to Iran. The attention of editors of these papers was drawn to this news. They were asked to disclose their “source of information”, which they have not done so far and also informed them that it was most undesirable that such rumors should be given currency. The resolution passed by the working Committee of the Muslim League on Iran has not found play in any newspaper. Satisfaction is being expressed at the later developments in Iran by all the papers. [Source of Government of Sind Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 6th September 1941, Fortnightly Report for the Second Half of August 1941].
August 17th: At a meeting of the Working Committee of the Punjab Muslim League held at Lahore a resolution reiterating full confidence in the leadership of Mr. Jinnah as President of All India Muslim League and of Sir Sikander Hyat Khan as the Premiere of Punjab was passed. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
August 20th : Government secret report reveal that “Interest in the war news has become somewhat more marked and there is much sympathy for Russia and much admiration for the way in which the German attack has so far been withstood. The drive in the Ukraine has, however, raised some apprehension and there is considerable speculation whether Russia will be able to preserve her front in that region and whether Germany will be in a position to threaten India through Iran. The approach of the Karachi War Fete and Sind War week which is proposed to be celebrated in the beginning of September has received interest in the districts and at a meeting of the District War Committee held at Nawabshah in order to give publicity to the weak, the District Magistrate addressed the audience on the general war situation with the result that considerable subscription were promised. In Mirpurkhas also Rs. 5000 were collected at a recent meeting of the District War Committee. The “V” Campaign has been taken up in right earnest in Karachi where the symbol is to be seen on telegraph poles, on the gates of houses and cars. Some prominent citizens in Karachi have embossed the letter on their note paper and letter stamped with “V” are seen everywhere”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 20th August, 1941.]
August (Second Half): The government reports on the war reveal that “the war continues to be the main topic of interest and the progress of events in Russia and Iran has been very keenly watched. The Hindu section of the population of the province appeared on the whole to welcome the timely action taken by the British and Russian forces in Iran and to consider that it was essential both for Britain and India to eradicate the Nazi influence in Iran. Muslims, on the other hand, showed some concern at the entry into Iran, but this feeling has given place to one of relief that the outbreak of serious and prolonged hostilities has been avoided”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of August 1941, 6th September, 1941.]
August (Second Half): The Sindh Government reports about the press that “The Roosevelt-Churchill meeting and joint declaration was published in banner headlines in all the newspaper. It was hailed as a historic statement giving in a nut-shell and precise language the allied war arms. The declaration has been criticized in one aspect only that it did not contain any reference to India. The “Daily Gazette” remarked that the “Roosevelt-Churchill statement is about the finest piece of news the world has had since the beginning of the War.” The “Hindu” remarked that the oppressed and tyrannized countries of the world would find solace in the eight points of the declaration. The “Hindu Sansar” appealed to the British Government to concede immediately the Congress demand in respect of the Constituent Assembly. The “Qurbani” failed to understand why British Government was so solicitous of the rights and freedom of the small European countries when its paid no head whatsoever to the demand of 40 millions of India’s inhabitants. The “Daily Gazette” characterized. Mr. Churchill again missed the opportunity of pacifying Indian opinion.
The reaction to the Anglo-Soviet military action in Iran have been favorable. The “Sind Observer” remarked “the advantage of mobilizing full Russian strength would have been lost had the Allies hesitated without marching into the Iran and made a present of it to Hitler. The “Daily Gazette” hoped that the world of Islam will bless the Anglo-Russian expedition in Iran. All the Hindu papers supported the British move and characterized it as necessary for India’s security. The Muslim papers made no comments for 2 or 3 days. They merely published the news from Iran. Apparently they were watching to see the reactions of the Muslim papers in the Punjab. The “Alwahid”, “Hayat”, and “Zamana” expressed regret o the attack of Iran and opined that it was not necessary. The “Zamana” in a subsequent article, which was strongly worded, expressed similar views taking its due from the “Shahbaz” of Lahore. The “Nizam”, “Hindu Sansar” and “Sansar Samachar” published news to the effect that nearly 250 Iranis living in Karachi will be interned, the hotels of Iranis will be closed and the Iran Censual, residing in Karachi, will be given a passport to Iran. The attention of editors of these papers was draw to this news. They were asked to disclose their “source of information”, which they have not done so far, and also informed then that it was most undesirable that such rumors should be given currency. The resolution passed by the Working Committee of the Muslim League on Iran has not found place in any newspaper. Satisfaction is being expressed at the later development in Iran by all the papers”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of August 1941, 6th September, 1941.]
August 23rd : Action is taken against “Alwahid” (Daily Sindhi of Karachi) by Provincial Press Adviser on account of publishing the news regarding the control of the Karachi Sehwan road by the Military authorities.. [Gul Hayat Collection]
August 23rd: The All-India Ahrar Tabliq Conference concluded its session in New Dehli. Maulana Azarali Mazhar, speaking at the Conference, reviewed the political situation in the country and the efforts made by the different organizations to come to an understanding acceptable to all communities and how these had proved a failure. He added that the time had arrived for the Ahrars to take a definite decision in order to achieve their goal. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
August 28th: The Radical Democratic Party of Karachi organized meeting in which speeches were made condemning the Nazi invasion of Russia, criticizing the Congress for its attitude towards war and exhorting people to give aid to Russia and Britain to destroy Nazism. It is understood that the Party hopes to organize a Soviet Fund and that laborers will be approached to contribute one piece each to the Fund . [Gul Hayat Collection].
August 29th: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, President of the Indian National Congress wired to Mr. P. Tahilramani : “I consider it advisable on the part of the Sind Congress to demand Khan Bahadur Allah Bakhsh’s resignation from the Defense Council.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
August 31st: Under the auspicious of “Sindhi Sudhar Society” poetic sitting(Mushaira) is held at Larkana, and so many local poets participated. Poetry sent by various poets of Sindh and poetry and presented was published in next issue of “Adeeb Sindh” sitting was presided over by Abdul Khaliq.[Gul Hayat Collection]
August 31st: Mr. V. D. Savarkar, President of the All-India Hindu Mahasabha, speaking at a reception given to him in Bombay declared: “When the Muslim League demands more than the pound of flesh on behalf of the Muslims, the Congress as a national organization will not be able to speak on behalf of the Hindus and therefore a separate organization of the Hindus is very essential. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
September: As per Reports the Sind Muslim League intends to hold a conference at Hyderabad in September 1941, and it is proposed to ask the Honorable Sir Sikandar Hyat Khan to preside. The League received the Government decision to ban the conference at Sakrand in the Nawabshah district with some resentment and Mr. M. A. Jinnah sent a wire to His Excellency the Governor asking for his intervention. In view of the large number of cholera cases in the neighboring districts of Larkana, Dadu, and Sukkur and of the fact that cases were occurring in the Nawabshah district itself, it would have been most inadvisable to allow the conference to be held. [Gul Hayat Collection].
September: in his fortnightly secret report send by the Governor of Sindh to the Viceroy of India, he writes that concerning the Congress there is nothing of interest to report. The Sind Muslim League intends to hold a conference at Hyderabad in September 1941, and it is proposed to ask the Honorable Sir Sikandar Hyat Khan to preside. The League received the Government decision to ban the conference at Sakrand in the Nawabshah district with some resentment and Mr. M. A. Jinnah sent a wire to His Excellency the Governor asking for his intervention. In view of the large number of cholera cases in the neighboring districts of Larkana, Dadu, and Sukkur and of the fact that cases were occurring in the Nawabshah district itself, it would have been most inadvisable to allow the conference to be held. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, the second half of July 1941, 19th July, 1941.]
September 3rd: Moulana Muhammad Aaqil breathes his last. He was born on 5th September 1851. He remained teacher in Larkana Madressa High School and Khairpur High School. He also remained editor of “Al-Haq” and “KhairKhuwah”. He was one of the outstanding freedom fighter and took active part in Khilafat movement. He was poet also. [Gul Hayat Collection]
September 3rd: Sir Ramaswami Mudaliar, Commerce Member, Government of India, observed at Karachi : “ I am revealing to secret when I say that the members of the continuous thought and in continuous thought and in continuous anxiety over the political situation in the country. Nobody is sorrier than the Viceroy about the political deadlock and I can speak with personal knowledge and full sense of responsibility when I say that the fact will be revealed sooner or later to the public that the Viceroy has spared no pains and no trouble in striving to resolve that deadlock. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
September, 4th: The Provincial Press Adviser convened a Conference of Muslim editors on the 4th instant, in which the editor of “Zamana” was also present. The Provincial Press Adviser discussed the Iranian situation with the editors and explained the circumstances which necessitated British precautionary measures in Iran. After the 4th September no comments on the Iranian situation have appeared in any local Muslim paper. The Statement of the Secretary of State for India in the House of Commons on the postponement of Election will was not favorably received. It was argued that the plea of communal tension was not tenable for there were no communal riots in the last elections to the Provincial Assemblies. The “Hindu” in a loading article has drawn the attention of the authorities to the large number of Sindhi merchants doing business in foreign countries and suggested that they should be repatriated. It also requested Government to warn Indians living in foreign countries to return to their homes and to arrange for their safe departure before it is too late. The “Hayat” has expressed dissatisfaction at on the length of ‘Kirpans’ and urged that if Government do not wish to withdrew these orders they should at least permit Muslims in Sind to carry swords for self-define
September 6th: The Sind War week and Karachi War Fete ended on September the 14th and as per governmental reports reveals that event “can only be described as a great success. In most districts well attended meetings were held at which speeches and addresses on war subjects were made and responses to appeals for funds were generously met, particularly in the Nawabshah District where some Rs. 60,000 were collected and in Jacobabad District which contributed approximately Rs. 40000. The fete in Karachi, which was opened by His Excellency the Governor on the 6th September by a speech in which the people of Sind were exhorted to shed their complacency and to redouble their efforts to assist the war effort to do all in their power to bring war to a successful conclusion went with a very considerable swing. The fete included Naval, Military and Air Force displays and proved a great attraction, very large numbers of people attending throughout the week while on the closing day about 25000 persons paid for admission. No doubt many attended by reason of the attractions provided by the Amusement Park, etc, but nonetheless, the Army and Air Force exhibits received very great attention and the displays must have had excellent propaganda effect. A.R.P. demonstrations were given and the Civic Guards were very usefully employed throughout the week. The week will be followed by a number of sporting events, also staged in support of war funds, and it is hoped that the total gross receipts will be in the neighborhood of Rs. 2 ½ lakhs”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the First half of September 1941, 22nd September, 1941.]
September 6th: Acharya Kripalani, General Secretary of the Congress, presiding over a Khadi and Village Industries Parishad in Bombay, discussed the question of centralization of industry as it affected the country at the present and in the future when India would be politically free. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
September 7th: The meeting of the Working Committee of Sindh Muslim League is held.
September 8th: President Sindh Provincial Muslim league, sends to the President of All-India Muslim League a copy of the Resolution No. 2 passed by the Working Committee of the Sindh Provincial Muslim League in its meeting held on 7th September 1941 with request that As the said resolution relates to the All India Muslim League, I have thought it fit to pass it on to you. The Resolution is “in view of the latest developments in the International situation and significant utterance of the Secretary of State for India in connection with the demands of the Muslim League, this meeting of the Working Committee of the Sindh Provincial Muslim League requests the Council of the All India Muslim League to reconsider the Resolution No. 5 of the Working Committee of the All India Muslim League passed at its meeting on 31st August, 1st and 2nd September 1940 and revise its attitude towards the War efforts of the Government.”
September 8th: The question of the Congress Assembly Party’s attitude to the Premiere Khan Bahadur Alla Bux, in view of his having joined the National Defense Council was considered at a meeting of the Council of the said Provincial Congress. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
September 9th: Acharya Kripalani, General Secretary of the All-India Congress Committee, said in Bombay, “People to-day may not recognize it, but history will record that Mahatama Gandhi’s action was the greatest stroke of genius”. He added, “We certainly cannot be charged with deserting the country and we have not committed any error of judgement. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
September 10th:Five public meetings mostly attended by students were held. Speeches eulogizing the services of Mahtma Gandhi were made. Dr. Popatlal A. Bhootpatkar, M.L.A., speaking at one of the meetings, remarked that the British Government had created Hindu-Muslim disorders by introducing separate electorates and communal ratios in the services. A congress Conference was held Khanpur, Shikarpur Taluka, Sukkur district, on the 10th and 11th September under the Chairmanship of Dr. Gobindram Punjabi. It was attended by about 500 persons on each day. The main speaker was Mr. C.T. Valecha, M.L.A., who indulged in some anti-British remarks and said that India was being unnecessarily dragged into the war. Resolutions were passed requesting Government to control the abnormal rise in the prices of foodstuffs and other articles and to grant more gun license to the villagers and deploring the alleged attitude of the British Government in not paying need to the welfare of Indian people.[Gul Hayat Collection].
September 10th: Begum Shah Nawaz, Parliamentary Secretary, Punjab announced her decision of not resigning from the National Defense Council. She was called upon by the Working Committee of the All-India Muslim League to do so with him ten days. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
September 14th: Khan Bahadur Alla Bux, Premiere of Sind and Mr. R. K. Sidhwa Leader of the Sind Congress Assembly Party, discussed the Sind situation in all its aspects with Mahatma Gandhi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Acharya Kripalani. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
September (First Half): The Prime Minister’s statement on India evoked much hostile criticism. While some papers admired Mr. Churchill for his frankness, nearly all took the attitude of did I not tell you before, in observing that the Atlantic charter did not include India within its orbit and that Mr. Attlee’s statement that the colored races were not excluded from the operation of the Atlantic declaration was nullified by Mr. Churchill’s declaration. The “Daily Gazette” regards the statement as a “challenge to the present generation of Indians to answer the simple question whether they want Swaraj and if so whether they are prepared to take it.” The “Karachi Daily” appeals to the Congress and the Muslim league to sacrifice their pet theories and to come closer together and to emulate Britain which is prepared to sacrifice all to preserve its freedom. The recent broadcast of President Roosevelt had a very good press. The rumor of an imminent attack on Turkey by –Germany was regarded to be very serious. The Muslim papers expressed the hope that Turkey will take a decision after considerable thought and will give a load to other Muslim countries. The “Zamana” in a loading article under the caption “Narrow-Minded Attitude of Britain towards Afghanistan” expressed apprehension at the mention of the existence of a few Germans in Afghanistan and the arrival of Amir Amanullah Khan is Berlin and hoped that the attention paid to this did not mean the taking of military stops against Afghanistan. . [Sour [Source of Government of Sind Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 22nd September 1941, Fortnightly Report for the Second Half of September 1941].
September (First Half):The Governor of Sindh, apprising Viceroy of India Congress activities writes that ” The celebrations following “Gandhi Jayanti” which consisted of thirty three Congress meetings, a number of ‘prabhat pheris’ and processions has given an impetus to Congress propaganda in the province. The presence at some of the meetings of Dr. Choithram P. Gidwani, President of the Sind Provincial Congress Committee, Hashoo T. Kewalramani and other Congressman, who were undergoing sentences under the Defense of India Rules, and have been recently released, led to an outburst of anti-British feelings. Dr. Choithram declared that he was anxious to see the end of British rule in the same way as the British wanted to see the end of Hitler, Swami Krishnanand, leader of the Forward Bloc, in one of the public meetings convened to celebrate “Gandhi Jayanti”dubbed all those who gave help to Britain in this war as “Shaitans” Mr. R. K. Sidhwa remarked that the British had entered Iran with Imperialistic motives. Dr. Choithram P. Gidvani is touring the province addressing public meetings. He has been expressing regret at the decision of Mahatma Gandhi to exclude Sind from the pale of Satyagraha. The students of Karachi held a public meeting to congratulate Hashu T. Kewalramani and Kazi Mujtaba, the former on his premature release and the latter on the removal of the order restricting him to a village in the Karachi District. Speeches were made exhorting the students to line up with anti-Imperialistic forces, and to foster Hindu-Muslim unity. The Sind Assembly Congress Party met recently and approved of the decision of the All-India Congress Parliamentary Board and Mahatma Gandhi to continue support to the present Ministry, in spite of the fact that the Premier continues to be a member of the National Defense Council. It disapproved the action of Mr. R. K. Sidhwa in accompanying the Honorable Premiere to Wardha without consulting the members of the party and it is understood that Mr. Sidhwa has apologized. It also passed resolutions expressing satisfaction at the application of the Jagirdari Act to the whole of the Province and urging Government to grant immediate relief to the people of Rohri Division whose crops have failed owing to water deficiency” . [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the First half of September 1941, 17th October, 1941.]
September (First Half): The Sindh Government reports about the role of press. It is said that “The Prime Minister’s Statement on India evoked much hostile criticism. While some papers admired Mr. Churchill for his freakiness, nearly all took the attitude of ‘did I not tell you before’ in observing that the Atlantic Charter did not include India within its orbit and that Mr. Attlee’s statement as a “challenge to the present generation of Indians to answer the simple question whether they want Swaraj and if so whether they are prepared to take it. “The Karachi Daily” appeals to the congress and the Muslim League to sacrifice their pet theories and to come closer together and to emulate Britain which prepared to sacrifice all to preserve its freedom.
The recent broadcast of President Roosevelt had a very good press. The rumor of an imminent attack on Turkey by Germany was regarded to be very serious. The Muslim papers expressed the hope that Turkey will take a decision after considerable thought and will give a lead to other Muslim countries. The“Zamana” in a leading article under the caption “Narrow Minded Attitude of Britain against Afghanistan” expressed apprehension at the mention of the existence of a few Germans in Afghanistan and arrival of Amir Amanullah Khan in Berlin and hoped that the attention paid to this did not mean the taking of military steps against Afghanistan.
The Provincial Press Adviser convened a Conference of Muslim editors on the 4th instant, in which the editor of “Zamana” was also present. The Provincial Press Adviser discussed the Iranian situation with the editors and explained the circumstances which necessitated British precautionary measures in Iran. After the 4th September no comments on the Iranian situation have appeared in any local Muslim paper. The statement of the Secretary of State for India in the House of commons on the postponement of Election Bill was not favorably received. It was argued that the plea of communal tension was not tenable for there were no communal riots in the last elections to the Provincial Assemblies. The “Hindu” in a leading articles has drawn the attention of the authorities to the large number of Sindhi merchants doing business in foreign countries and suggested that they should be repatriated. It also requested Government to warn Indians living in foreign countries to return to their homes and to arrange for their safe departure before it is too late. The “Hayat” has expressed dissatisfaction at the orders of Government removing the former restriction on the length of “Kirpans” and urged that if Government do not wish to withdraw these orders they should at least permit Muslims in Sind to carry swords for self-defense”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the First half of September 1941, 22nd September, 1941.]
September (First Half):As per Governmental reports “In a few Congress meetings held in the fortnight under report stress was laid on the Congress constructive program, particularly Hindu-Muslim unity. Congressmen, as a whole, seem to be exercised over the increased war effort in the mofussil. It is understood that Professor Ghanshyam Jethanand, M.L.A., has sent his resignation from the Sind Legislative Assembly through the Sind Provincial Congress Committee as a mark of protest against the action of the Government in permitting local bodies to give contribution to the war funds. It is also understood that Messrs. Parsram Tahilram and Lalji Mehrotra (the latter an ex-Mayor of Karachi) have sent in their resignations from the Corporation to the All-India Congress Committee for approval and transmission to the Mayor of Karachi, as a result of the decision of the Karachi Municipal Corporation to give flags and buntings free for the Karachi War Fete. The Muslim League is jubilant over the resignation of Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan and Sir Muhammad Saadullah from the National Defense Councul and resolutions were passed at public meetings held in Karachi and Larkana expressing full confidence in Mr. Jinnah and congratulating Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan and Sir Muhammad Saadullah and Nawab of Chhatari on their resignations from the National Council”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the First half of September 1941, 22nd September, 1941.]
September 15th: “Hindu Sahtiya”, monthly journal is founded by Lal Chand Arya at Sukkur. The Journal was the organ of Arya Samaj.[Gul Hayat Collection]
September 15th: A meeting of about 200 workers of the Herman and Mohatta Workshop was held under the chairmanship of Mr. Naraindas A. Bechar, M.L.A., who informed the workers that the management was not willing to grant a dearness allowance to the workers. A notice of strike was handed over to the Management by Mr. N.A. Bechar to be put into effect of the dearness allowance was not granted.[Gul Hayat Collection]
September 18th: The Hindu Mahasabha organized two poorly attended public meetings at Karachi on the 18th and 20th September in which the Congress was criticized for failing to safeguard the interests of Hindus. One Speaker stated that the separation of Sind had brought about much suffering and hardship to the Hindus. Another speaker remarked that an empire can only be maintained with the power of weapons and “Shastras”. A race could only live if it had strength and power. Hitler was succeeding because he had power. Hitler took pride in calling himself an Aryan. In Indian however, the Aryans were a fallen race.[Gul Hayat Collection]
September 19th: About 150 ‘Bidi’ makers went to strike at Sukkur demanding an increase of Annas two per thousand ‘Bidis’ from the ‘Bidi’ shop proprietors. The proprietors accepted the demand of the strikers and the strike was called off on the 22nd September.[Gul Hayat Collection]
September 19th : Under the auspicious of “Sindhi Sudhar Society” poetic sitting(Mushaira) is held at Larkana, and so many local poets participated. Poetry sent by various poets of Sindh and poetry and presented was published in next issue of “Adeeb Sindh”. [Gul Hayat Collection]
September 20th: Khan Bahadur Alla Bux, interviewed on his mission to Wardha said in Bombay that the Congress Party in Sind would continue to lend support to the Sind Ministry in accordance with the instructions issued by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. Mahatama Gandhi had made it clear that the Congress Party in the Sind Legislature would follow those instruction as there was nothing to warrant a review of policy. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
September (Second Half): The news of the abdication of Roza Shah was displayed in banner headlines in all the newspapers of Sindh. The “Sind Observer” in its loading article of September 19, under the caption “A Great King Falls” eulogized the services of Roza Shah, calling him “the only great Sovereign that Iran has thrown up “for generation were due to his “independent policies on account “of which he excluded British influence from the South and the “Bolshevik influence from the north of Iran.” In the same leader there appeared a bitter criticism of the way in the which Routers has handled the news of the abdication carrying on “one sided propaganda against a fallen man by painting his “defects in lurid colors.” The article contained some objectionable remarks and this was pointed out by the Provincial Press Adviser to the editor who, on the following day, wrote another article under the caption “The New Shah Requires Support” in the course of which it was emphasized that the “Sind Observer” had extended support to the stops taken by the Allies in Iran “ to save Iran from Nazi “Machination and invasion because when the Nazis enter a country the “blood it white economically and subject it to slavery “politically”. The “Alwahid” and “Hayat” also regarded the abdication as a very unfortunate and sad event. The “Hindu” observed that the reasons advanced for the abdication were not “weighty”. The “Sansar Samashar”remarked that the excuse of ill health given by the Shah of Iran was eyewash and that the ex-shah who was in league with the Nazis wanted to bring about a revolution in order to extirpate the British and the Russians from Iran. No comments have appeared on the Iran situation in the papers during the last week. [Source of Government of Sind Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 6th October 1941, Fortnightly Report for the Second Half of September 1941].
September (Second Half): The SIndh Governor apprising the Viceroy of India of political activities in sindh writes that ”The Working Committee of the Sind Provincial Muslim League has passed a resolution requesting the members of the Muslim League Assembly Party not to take part in any function or party given to the present Ministers. At a private meeting of the City Muslim League, presided over by Mr. M.H. Gazdar, M.L.A., a resolution was passed protesting against the Arya Samaj publication on “Satyarath Prakash”. Khan Bahadur M.A. Khuhro, who was a Minister in the Muslim League Ministry, in a statement to the press has strongly criticized the Honorable Premier for not resigning from the National Defense Council and has complained bitterly against the attitude of the Congress Party in supporting the present Ministry which was co-operating fully with the Government of India in its war efforts. The sentences of six prisoners convicted under the Defense of India Act of making objectionable speeches have been reviewed and the prisoners released partly because it was thought the sentence were severe and partly in pursuance of the Honorable Premiere’s policy of conciliation”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of September 1941, 6th October, 1941.]
September (second Half):What the role was played by Sind Press during the second half the September, It is reported in confidential reports of Sindh Government that “ The news of the abdication of Raza Shah was displayed in banner headlines in all the newspapers. The “Sind Observer” in its leading article of September 19, under the caption “ A Great King Falls” eulogized the services of Raza Shah, calling him “the only great Sovereign that Iran has thrown up “For generations” and remarked that the events resulting in his abdication were due to his “independent policies on account “of which he excluded British influence from the South and the “Bolshevik influence from the north of Iran.” In the same leader there appeared a bitter criticism of the way in which Reuters had handled the news of the abdication carrying on “one sided propaganda against a fallen man by painting his “defects in lurid colors”. The article contained some objectionable remarks and this was pointed out by the Provincial Press Adviser to the editor who, on the following day, wrote another article under the caption “The New Shah Requires Support” in the course of which it was emphasized that the “Sind Observer” had extended support to the steps taken by the Allies in Iran “to save Iran from Nazi machinations and invasion because when the Nazis enter a country the bleed it white economically and subject it to slavery “politically”. The “Alwahid “ and “Hayat” also regarded the abdication as a very unfortunate and sad event. The “Hindu” observed that the reasons advanced for the abdication were not “weighty”. The “Sansar Samachar” remarked that the excuse of ill health given by the Shah of Iran was eyewash and that the ex-Shah who was in league with the Nazis wanted to bring about a revolution in order to extirpate the British and the Russian from Iran. No comments have appeared on the Iran situation in the papers during last week.
The resistance of Russia continues to evoke sympathy and admiration and publicity has been given to the aid which is being given to Russia by the Allies.
There is little comment on the extension of the term of office of His Excellency the Viceroy. The “Sind Observer” wrote that the matter was of no interest to the people of India. The “Muslim Voice”, the only English journal of the Muslim League in Sind in its leading article of the 27th September, under the caption “The Sind League” deplores the phase of “stupor and inactivity” through which the League organization in Sind has of late been passing and while commending the extensive Congress work in the Sind villages, exhorts the League authorities “either to go forward or to go out.”
[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of September 1941, 6th October, 1941.]
September 23rd : Action is taken against “Nara-i-Haq” (Urdu weekly of Sukkur)by Provincial Press Adviser on account For Publishing articles which tend to create trouble between the Baluchistan authorities and the Kalat and Kharan States. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of September 1941, 6th October, 1941.]
September 24td: Action is taken against “Hindu Sansar” (Sindhi daily of Karachi) by Provincial Press Adviser on account For publishing news tending to create ill feeling between Hindus and Muslim. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of September 1941, 6th October, 1941.]
September, 27th:The only English journal of the Muslim League in Sind, in its leading article under the caption “The Sind League” deplores the phase of “stupor and inactivity” through which the league organization in Sind has of late been passing and while commending the extensive Congress work in the Sind villages, exhorts the League authorities “either to go forward or to go out.”[ Source: ‘The Sindh League’]
September, 29th:The Muslim League is inactive. A private meeting of the Lasbella State National Party was held, in which resolutions were passed sympathizing with those members of the Party who had been arrested and requesting the Baluchistan and Lasbella authorities to release them. Ahmed Lassi advised the party to start propaganda against the Jam Saheb and the Vazir of Lasbella who alone were alleged to be responsible for the arrest of the members of the lasbella National Party.[Gul Hayat Collection]
September, 30th:The Premiere left Karachi on the 30th September for Allahabad, where he is to see Moulana Abul Kalam Azad in the Naini Jail before proceeding to attend the meeting of the National Defense Council. [Gul Hayat Collection]
September, 30th:Cholera is still prevalent in almost all the districts of the province although there are no signs of its abatement. During the fortnight under report, there were 702 cases and 358 deaths. Gathering of persons at fairs, etc. have been banned in all the districts except Karachi and Jacobabad, till the end of September. There is some dissatisfaction at the banning of the lal Shahbaz Fair in Sehwan in Dadu district. This is a great annual event but the conditions are such that no risks can be taken.[Gul Hayat Collection]
September 30th: Khan Bahadur Khuhro, leader of Muslim League Party in the Sind Assembly invited the Hindu and Muslim Leaders at Karachi in connection with the Dasara celebrations. Speeches about Hindu Muslim unity were made on the occasion. It was proposed to form a Hindu Muslim settlement Board which should being Ghandihi and Mr. Jinnah together to decide the communal problem. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
October 1st: On the evening some member of the crew of S.S. “Egorlock” struck work as a protest against the non-fulfillment of their demand for a war bonus. The Captain explained that they were not entitled to any war bonus while the ship was in the Indian Ocean. A police guard was placed on the ship in view of the attitude of a certain number of the crew. Thirty-seven members of the crew were eventually discharged and sent to Calcutta from where they will be sent to Shanghar as they are Chinese subjects. They have been replaced by Indian seamen. A public meeting of the Daily Gazette Press Worker’ Union was held in which it was decided that the management should be informed that the employees would in future work for 7 ½ hours daily only.[Gul Hayat Collection]
October 2nd: Three students of the Government High School, Shikarpur, approached the Head Master of the institution to close the school to allow the students to celebrate “Gandhi Jayanti”. On the Head Master’s refusal to do so, thirty students left their classes and decided to hoist the Congress flag on the school building. The Head Master ordered that this should be prevented and a peon snatched the flag from a student. This enraged the students and a scuffle ensued between the students and the school peons. The Head Master summoned police aid and the students allege that the police made a ‘lathis’ with them. About 50 students went on strike as a protest against the action of the Head Master in summoning police aid. The strike has since been called off.[Gul Hayat Collection]
October 3rd: When the ‘Indus Commission’ met at Simla, Sir B.N.Rau, chairman, suggested for the consideration of the parties that Sindh’s objections regarding the Bhakra Dam be withdrawn or modified and the dam be allowed to be erected, provided expressed stipulations were laid down that quantities of water authorized to be withdrawn would be subject to modification if and when Sindh’s apprehensions turned out to be true. Both parties agreed to the suggestion.
October 4th: Swarms of locusts appeared in different parts of the Dadu District between the 4th and the 8th October and caused damage to the standing crop to the extent of six pies to two annas in the rupee. They then went in the direction of Kalat State.[Gul Hayat Collection]
October 6th: At the meeting of the India Commision, it was announced after some discussion that the commissioners would give their ruling on the legal issues within a day or two of the conclusion of the arguments on them, and that they would then settle issues of fact. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
October 9th: Honorary Secretary of the All-India Muslim League writes to the President of Sindh Muslim League. It ends with following Para:” I shall be thankful if you will kindly send me an authentic statement of the income of your province under various heads another particulars connected they with so that I may be in a position to know what really is the condition of the Provincial Muslim League in Sindh.I hope that you will be kind enough to send me a heartening reply at your earliest convenience”.
October 9th: Khan Bahadur Allah Bux, Sind Premier, speaking at Simla emphasized that the main problem in India, and the one problem with which as an administrator, he was primarily interested was that of internal peace. This problem he said, must gain importance and urgency as the war moved nearer to India and if communal unity was not established all his emphasis would therefore, be on an earnest plea that all parties in the country without prejudice to their rights in the future constitution, should now bury the hatchet and come to terms for the period of the war. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
October 10th: The Indus Commission briefly expressed their views on the preliminary issues. The commission held that the rights of the several units concerned in the dispute must be determined by applying neither the doctrine of sovereignty nor the doctrine of riparian rights by the rule of “equitable apportionment” each unit being entitled to a fair share of the water of the Indus and its tributaries. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
October 14th : Pir Sabghatullah Shah Pagaro, who had been served with an order under Rule 26(1)(d) of the Defense of India Rules directing him to residue within the Municipal limits of the City of Karachi, has been removed from Sind in circumstances known to the Government of India. This step was taken after the particularly atrocious murder in broad daylight of the Pir’s cousin and two others by three Hurs, fanatical followers of the Pir. There is no doubt that the murder were committed by some of the Pir’s followers, and there is a suspicion that the Pir has previous knowledge of the crime that was to be perpetrated. Before the Pir was removed. ‘hartal’ was being observed in the Pir’s native village on account of the Pir’s movements being restricted to Karachi in order to secure cancellation of the order. A number of Hindus from the village, who regarded the Pir as a follower of the Indian National Congress, wished to approach the Government with the same object, and they requested Mr. R.K Sidhva, M.L.A., to head a deputation and put their viewpoint before Government. The move, like the ‘hartal’ entirely artificial and appeared to be instigated by the Pir. At the time of the Pir’s removal, full precautions were taken in all the districts in which trouble was likely to ensue and prominent Hur agents were rounded up under Section 110, Criminal Procedure Code: So far there have been no further untoward events. The Pir’s property In his village and in this ‘keti’ in Khairpur State have since been searched, and all aims, etc. found have been confiscated. It is thought that a further detailed report will be of interest to the Government of India and such a report will be sent in due course. The District Magistrate of one district, where large numbers of the Pir’s followers residue, reports that so far all is quiet and that the general feeling in regard to the Pir’s removal seems to be one of relief. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of October 1941, 7th November, 1941.]
October (First Half): Government Secret papers through light on the role of Press. It is reported that “The news of the proposed withdrawal of the Allied troops from Tehran has been prominently displayed. There have been no editorial comments so far. The Russe-German struggle continues to absorb the interest of the entire press and every move is commented upon in most of the editorials. The general view is that the situation is dangerous and that a Russian collapse will not come as a surprise. It is, however, being emphasized that the German losses in men and material and that the acquisition of Russian territory does not compensate the Nazis for these losses.
The replies broadcast by the Secretary of State for India to the American public on some of the Indian questions have come in for a good deal of criticism and are characterized as a deliberate attempt to mislead the American public. The “Karachi Daily” suggests that the All-India Radio should invite Mahatma Gandhi or M.C. Rajagopalacharier to reply to the points raised by the Secretary of State for India. The Indo-Burma Agreement continues to be condemned and characterized as the act of a Government which is neither responsive nor responsible to the people. The “Sind Observer” calls for intensification of air raid precautions work in Karachi. Extracts from the address of His Excellency the Viceroy to the National Defense Council were displayed prominently in all the papers. The comments take the line that the National Defense Council cannot take India nearer to Swaraj and that its sphere of activity is very restricted.
The suggestion of Sir Sikander Hayat Khan that the Prime Minister should give a fresh declarations on India to bring it within the orbit of the Atlantic Charter has been commended, although it is added that any change in the British policy towards India is unlikely.
The news relating to the British demand from the Afghan Government to expel Germans living in Afghanistan appeared in the issue of the “Hindu”, dated the 7th October 1941, and the “Alwahid” and the “Hindu Sansar”, who was asked to give the sources of his information, replied that he copied it from the “Bombay Chronicle” and forwarded the relevant cutting, which has been sent to the Chief Press Adviser. The “Alwahid” and “Hindu”. The news in question was contradicted by an Associated Press message from Peshawar, which appeared in all newspapers, including the “Hindu”, on 9th October 1941”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the First half of October 1941, 17th October, 1941.]
October (First Half): The replies broadcast by the Secretary of state for India to the American public on some of the Indian questions have come in for a good deal of criticism are characterized as a deliberate attempt to mislead the American public. The “Karachi Daily” suggests that the All-India Radio should invite Mahatma Gandhi or Mr.C. Rajagopalachariar to reply to the points raised by the Secretary of state for India. The Inde-Burma Agreement continues to be condemned and characterized as the act of a Government which is neither responsive nor responsible to the people. The “Sind Observer” calls for intensification of air raid precautions work in Karachi. Extracts from the address of His Excellency the Viceroy to the National Defense Council were displayed prominently in all the papers. The comments take the line that the National Defense Council cannot take India nearer to Swaraj and that its sphere of activity is very restricted. .The news relating to the British demand from the afghan Government to expel Germans living in Afghanistan appeared in the issue of the “Hindu”, dated the 7th October 1941, and the “Alwahid” and the “Hindu Sansar”, who was asked to give the source of his information replied that he copied it from the “Bombay Chronicle” and forwarded the relevant cutting, which has been sent to the chief Press Adviser. The “Alwahid” and “Hindu Sansar” appear to have copied it from the “Hindu”. The news in question was contradicted by an Associated Press message from Peshawar, which appeared in all newspapers, including the “Hindu”, on 9th October 1941. [Source of Government of Sind Home Department (Special), Sind Secretariat, Karachi, 17th October 1941, Fortnightly Report for the First Half of October 1941]
October 20th : The Executive Committee of the Sind Provincial Trade Union Congress has passed resolutions condemning the “supine” attitude of the Sind Government in the cause of labor, thanking Government for staying the execution of the exterminate order should be withdrawn completely. A number of hotel keepers have decided to move Government to cancel the order permitting Herijans to enter hotels failing which they propose to close their hotels. On the 20th October, 13 telegraph poles were pulled down between Dharki and Reti.[Gul Hayat Collection]
October 15th : Cholera shows few sign of abetment. There were 792 attacks and 504 deaths from the 15th October to 29th October, as compared to 838 attacks and 462 deaths in the previous fortnight.[Gul Hayat Collection]
October (Second Half): Government secret report reveal that “The apprehension in regard to the course of the war in Russia, which I mentioned in my last report, is now more marked and there is a widespread belief that Russia is nearing collapse. Japan is being closely watched and there is considerable speculation as to her future policy. As for Iran, the recent Muslim League resolution does not seem to have had much effect on the Muslims in Sind”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of October 1941, 7th November, 1941.]
October (Second Half): Secret Government report reveals that the Muslim League is inactive There are however, signs of movement among the Khaksars. Moulvi Khair Muhammad Suleman Nizami, Manager, Aftab Press, Hyderabad, has printed a number of applications addressed to the Honorable Premiere stating that Allama Mashriqi is the accredited leader of the Muslims and the best friend of the British Government and requesting the Honorable Premiere to intercede for the release of the Allama. These applications are to be signed by all Khaksars. Moulvi Khair Muhammad Suleman Nizami has also initiated a new movement ostensibly for Muslim unity based on a pledge to recognize the Allama as the leader of the Muslims and to strive for his release. Persons signing the pledge are instructed to wear a black badge on the right arm as mark of resentment at the detention of the Allama. This is done with a view to keeping the organization alive in some form or other. On the “Id day” 35 persons gathered in Hyderabad at the residence of Mir Ali Ahmed Nabi Bakhsh, who was the head of the Khaksars in Sind, and gave him and the Khaksars flag a salute by firing crackers. The followers of the new cult call themselves “Fidain Islam” (Devotees of Islam) and Allama mashriqi “Amir Shariat” (Lord of the Holy Community) The District Magistrate is being instructed to keep a close watch on the new movement and the matter is under the careful consideration of Government. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of October 1941, 7th November, 1941.]
October (Second Half): Sindh Government secret papers through right on the performance of Sindhi Press “The news from Russia has been daily occupying the front pages of newspaper and has been widely commented upon in the additional columns. The situation is prepared as grave for the Russians and the threat to Caucasus is considered to be real and imminent. The ultimate danger to India is generally recognized and the impasses between the Congress and Government is deplored all the more for this. The “Sind Observer” commenting on the question of supply of material to Russia states that India cannot afford to be charitable at the expense of its own safety.
The letter of Sir Francis Young husband to the “Times” had an excellent press. It clicked very appreciative comments in all the important papers. The “Daily Gazette” remarked. “There is little doubt that was Indian given the right to choose for them, they would unhesitatingly vote for the line that the wise counsel of Sir Francis Young husband will be cry in the wilderness.
The summary (as wired by the “Associated Press”) of the letter written by Mr. Jaiprakash Narain was published in all the papers. The press on the whole regarded it as propaganda stunt. The “Daily Gazette” remarked that the matter was very trivial and that the issue of a communicate on the subject by the Government of India showed that they had lost their sense of proportions.
Mr. Jinnah’s decision to withdraw from the current session of the Assembly has been welcomed. There are no comments on the resolutions passed at the recent session of the Muslim League. The “Zamana” has made ironical comments on Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan’s speech on Iran in the League Session.
The Pir Pagaro has been in the news lately. The “Sansar Samachaar” regarded him as a dangerous man who was scheming to form parallel Government and dreaming to become the ruler of Sind. The “Hindu”, referring to the Congress sympathy of the Pir, urged for the opportunities of the impartial tribunal to enquire into the allegations against him”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of October 1941, 7th November, 1941.]
October (Second Half): Government reports reveal that “Hashu T. Kewalramani, President of the Sind Students’ Federation has been addressing meetings of students in the Hyderabad district. He stated that the aim of the student movement was to establish a united front of students, peasants and ‘haris’ to strengthen the anti-imperialist struggle. He characterized the condition in India as those prevailing in Jail or Hitler’s Concentration Camp”. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of October 1941, 7th November, 1941.]
October 21st: Mr. M. A Jinnah President of the All-India Muslim League in a statement from Bombay, delivering his message of “Id” stated inter alia: “I feel confident that you all will at this moment reaffirm your resolve to do everything in your power and to make every contribution in the shape of time and money, and make every sacrifice that is possible to consolidate harness and make Muslim India really a great nation, specially by building up all departments of national and individual life such as educational economic and social uplift, and thus help further its onward progress in the realization of our political goal, namely Pakistan”. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
October 22nd: Meeting of Primary Muslim League is held at Buttra of Tehsil Kakar in which organizational and other matters relating to Sindh Politics are discussed and moulvi qutub uddin is elected on the vacant post of Joint Secretary. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
October 23rd: Meeting of primary Muslim League is held at village Mehbob Tunio in which it is demanded that know any Hindu book seller be allowed to sell Quran Majeed and appeal is also made requesting Religious Scholars to join Muslim League. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
October 26th: Founded by Mr. M. A. Jinnah and edited under the supervision of Nawabzada Liaquat Ali Khan, Secretary of the Muslim League, “The Dawn”, a Muslim weekly journal began publication from Dehli. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
October 27th: The Central Assembly began its autum session and discussed Sir Guranath Bewoor’s motion for the election of six non-official members to the Defense Consultative Committee.
The Muslim League Party in the Central Legislature at a meeting with Mr. M. A. Jinnah in the chair unanimously decided to boycott the session of the Central Assembly. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
October 28th: The Muslim League Party walked out of the Central Assembly after a statement was made by Mr. Jinnah declaring that they were doing so in order to register their protest against the way in which the Muslim offer of Co-operation in the war effort had been completely ignored by the Government. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
October 30th: : Under the auspicious of “Sindhi Sudhar Society” poetic sitting(Mushaira) is held at Larkana, and so many local poets participated. Poetry sent by various poets of Sindh and poetry and presented was published in next issue of “Adeeb Sindh”. [Gul Hayat Collection]
October 30th: Mahatma Gandhi issued a lon statement from Wardha on Satyagraha. He said inter alia: “I have been in charge of issuing statements for the guidance of Satyagrahis. The deciding reason has been to have them to be self-guided where they are not guided by local leader…….The public should know that those who were not whole-heartedly with the Bombay resolution have come out with their doubts confirmed. Similarly those who had never any doubt have become firmer than ever before in their opinion. As for me, I never had any doubt as to the correctness of the Bombay resolution and have none about the correctness of the steps hitherto taken in pursuance thereof.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
November 1st: The political situation in India (before the formation of the new government in India and before the entry of Russia into the war) was discussed at a meeting of the East India Association held in London with Lord Hailey in the chair. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
November 1st: Mr. J. B. Kripalani, General Secretary of the Congress declaring open the “Ahimsa Vyam Sangh” near Malad in Bombay, said: “Non-voilence may or may not solve the many problems facing the world today but it has been proved to the hilt that war and violence have not solved them and are incapable of solving them. Therefore even as an experiment non-violence is worth a trial. It has at least solved the many indivisual family and social problems without bloodshed and breaking of heads.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
November 28th : At village Nando and key notes were given by Moulvi Ahmad Panwar, who spoke about the importance and necessity of joining Muslim League and Pakistan Movement. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
November 30th: Under the auspicious of “Sindhi Sudhar Society” poetic sitting(Mushaira) is held at Larkana, and so many local poets participated. Poetry sent by various poets of Sindh and poetry and presented was published in next issue of “Adeeb Sindh”and sitting was presided by Nazim. [Gul Hayat Collection]
November: Ghansham Sethanand Tahilramani In November 1941 he was gazetted as Pilot Officer in the Indian Air Force. In April 1943 he was promoted as Flying Officer. He was a student in D. 3. Sind College from 1937 to 1939. In 1937 he joined Karachi Aero Club and got ‘A’ License in fling. In 1938 he took training in N. E. Ii Engineering College in Wireless Telegrapiw In the same year he obtained Gold Medal. He was elected Gymkhana Secretary in 1939. He obtained 1st Prize in wrestling in 1939 and several prizes in other sports.He became Corporal in 1933 and Sergeant in 1939.In the same year he appeared before Public Service Commission at an entrance Ex. for Military Academy at Dheradun and obtained 370 marks out of 500 in Interview and Record. In March 1940 he was selected for training for King’s Commission in the Indian Air Force. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
December 1st:Acahraya Kripalani General Secretary of the Congress in an interview at Karachi Observed: “The congress bides its time and waits for a favorable opportunity. If however, Mr. Jinnah is desirous to establish contact with the Congress, nothing stands in the way of his doing so, and Ghandhiji who has never had any false idea of dignity, would meet him even at Mr. Jinnah’s own place.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
December 3rd: The Government of India issued a Communiqué from a New Dehli announcing the release of Pandits Jawaralal Nehru and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. The Communiqué stated: “The Government of India, confident in the determination of all responsible opinion in India to support the war effort until viceroy is secured have reached the conclusion that these civil disobedience prisoners whose offences have been formal or symbolic in character, can be set free. Effect will be given to this cause as soon as possible,- “There are provinces in which local condition may mean delay; but before the end of the year the Government of India hope that throughout India practically all such persons will have been set free. With them there will be released also Maulana Abul Kalam Azad and Panit Jawharlal Nehru.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
December 5th : The annual general meeting of Dadu Muslim League is held and new office bearer for the next years are elected. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
December 11th: Master Tara Singh, addressing a Sikh conference in New Dehli said that he would advise the against resorting to civil disobedience in view of the international situation but he warned the government that, if no peaceful solution was made, the Sikh community would not hesitate to take any action they thought fit to keep the prestige of the Panth. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
December 15th: The Sindh Legislative Assembly met from the 15th December to the 23rd December 1941. The main items or interest were two adjournment motions, one brought by Mr. Muhammad Amin Khoso, M.L.A., and the other sponsored by Miss Jethi Sipahimalani, M.L.A., The motion of the former referred to an incident which occurred in a small village in Karachi District named Fakir-jo-goth on the night of the 14th December last. On by a driver and an orderly lost his way when looking for the car of a party of his regiment and want into the village to ascertain his whereabouts. He is reported to have approached a house and to have called out to the occupants. He appears to have been at once taken for a thief and was surrounded and very badly beaten. He was tied up and kept bound until dawn when he was released whereupon he made his way to the camp. Thereafter a party or officers and men from the camp rounded up the inmates of the village and caused some damage to the houses and to property.
The matter is under enquiry. A very highly exaggerated story regarding the incident was brought to Karachi and M.L.A. from Upper Sind, as he has since admitted to me, was asked by a local zamindar to move the adjournment of the House. Some of the Congress M.L.A.s made anti-Army speeches and the occurrence was given far more prominence than it deserved. The motion was talked on the Honorable Minister in Charge of Law and order giving an assurance that full and detailed enquiries will be made. The second adjournment motion was on the appointment of Mr. D. R. C. Halford, I. C. S., as Revenue Officer, Lloyd Barrage Scheme. The Honorable Premiere made a statement that the appointment was made by His Excellency the Governor in his special responsibility and in opposition to the advice tendered by Honorable Minister, Revenue Department , and the Ministry. The Statement of motion was withdrawn by the mover.[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, 6th January , 1942.]
December 15th: The City Muslim League, Karachi, convened a Conference on the 15th, 16th and 17th December, under the president ship of the Raja of Mahumdabad. The Raja in his presidential address stated that there could be no unity with the Hindus but merely a pact. He made an appeal to Muslims to unite so that Pakistan could be established. Resolution were passed condemning Congress for creating disunity among the Muslims of the Provinces where they are in a majority, characterizing the conduct of the Bengal Premiere as treacherous, expressing great anxiety at the health of Allama Mashriqi, appealing to Government to release him at once and also appealing to His Excellency the Governor to stop the tendency of the present Ministry to use its officials for opposing the Pakistan Scheme by carrying on Hindu-Muslim unity which is not in the best interest of the Muslims. The Conference was well attended. [Gul Hayat Collection]
December 16th: Karachi City Muslim League Conference is held at Karachi. [Gul Hayat Collection]
December 19th: In the Sind Assembly Khan Bahadur Allah Bakhsh the Premier, made an important statement concerning the constitutional implication of the exercise of special powers by the Governor in the day administration of Government. [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
December 25th : The banning of the Hindu Mahasabha session in Bihar has caused some resentment among the Hindus. A public meeting was convened by the Hindu Mahasabha where a resolution was passed condemning the action of the Bihar Government. There was a partial “Hartal” also.[Gul Hayat Collection]
December 24th: Mr. M. A Jinnah in a statement to the News Chronicle London, said: “I want the British public and statesmen to understand that the stand of the Muslim League is vitally different from that of the Congress and other Hindu organizations. I want the British Government not to force Muslim India to fill Indian jails to convince them or demonstrate that Pakistan is now our sacred creedm an article of faith and any declaration by the British Government or Prime Minister which will in any way militate against it, Muslim India will resist with all the power it can command.” [The Indian Annual Register Volume-I, 1941]
December 26th :The Turkish Military mission visits The Karachi Municipal Corporation and was presented a civic address to Colonel Ziya Kayan and the members of the Turkish Military Mission before a gathering of about four thousand persons. Some confusion was caused at the end of the ceremony by the unexpected enthusiasm shown by the Muslim crowd which had gathered and the members of Mission had some difficulty in getting away from the Municipal compound.[No. P.25 H(S)/40, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the Second half of December 1940, 4th January 1941.]
December29th: It is Zul Haj Eid today and branches of Sindh Muslim League on the call of the party observe Pakistan Day. Public meetings are held and processions are taken out. In Mithiani, the public meeting is addressed by Moulvi Muhammad Hussain and in Gachero the function is presided over by Taj Muhammad Bughio. [Gul Hayat Collection]
December 30th : . At a public meeting of the Lasbella State Party held at Karachi it was decided to from a deputation to wait on the Agent to the Governor General of Baluchistan and the place before him the grievance of State subjects and to request him to extern Murad Jan Gichki and to remove Khan Bahadur Shaikh Nabi Bakhsh, Vazir of Lasbella State, from office.[Gul Hayat Collection].
December 30th: A public meeting is organized at Gatahar by primary Muslim League Branch it is presided over by Pir Allah Dino Shah Rashidi and resolution supporting Pakistan Movement is passed unanimously. [Gul Hayat Collection]
December (Second Half) :The Fidian-i-islam continues to enroll volunteers. Some ex-Khaksars observed protest fasts at the continued detention of Allama Mashriqi. [No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of December 1941, 6th January , 1942.]
December (Second Half): The recent decision of the Congress Working Committee in regard to the war has been welcomed in local Congress circles. There is much relief on the retirement of Mahatma Gandhi from the Congress leadership as it is generally realized that a more realistic approach is called for interview of Japan’s entry into the war.[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of December 1941, 6th January , 1942.]
December (Second Half): The progress made by Japan since her entry into the war is being closely watched and it is realized that very dangerous position exists in the Pacific. There is, however, fear that Japan will not eventually be defeated. The achievements of Russian Armies have had a very heartening effect and although it is difficult to form a close estimate of the position in Russia, it is generally held that the German plans have gone far astray. In Libya the capture of Benghazi and Bardia have been acclaimed.[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of December 1941, 6th January , 1942.]
December (Second Half):Sindh Government secret papers through right on the performance of sindhi Press “The tendency to throw the war news into the background in favor of matters of local or Indian interest was prominently marked when the Legislative Assembly was in session. There were two adjournment motions, one relating to an incident in a small village in Karachi district in which a military officer was involved and another concerning the appointment of the Revenue Officer, Lloyd Barrage. Both received banner headline and were commented on the constitutional issue involved in connection with the letter motion in both the leading English dailies, the “Sind Observer” and the “Daily Gazette”. The Papers, both English and vernacular, supported the stand and the “Muslim Voice”, both organs of the Muslim League. These two papers were of the opinion that it was not necessary for His Excellency to accept all the advice given by the Ministers.
The capture of Benghazi and Bardia has been hailed with enthusiasm. The “Sind Observer” remarked that Mussolini’s African Empire has appeared and the days are not for them the Allied forces will reach the borders of Tunisia. It paid a great compliment to the efficiency of the British navy in the Mediterranean. The loss of Hong Kong is regretted although it is realized that it could not hold out any longer.
The ”Sind Observer” criticized the attitude adopted by the Australian Premiere and Remarked that India, Burma and Singapore need the help of the British forces much more than Australia.
The nationalist press endorses the resolution passed by the Working committee of the Congress at Bardoli and hopes that the next move will come from to an understanding with the Congress and ponder over the fact that the Muslim League has been defeated in three Muslim provinces, viz., Sind, Assam and Bengal. The banning of the Mahasabha session provided a good deal of material to the Hindu papers to attack the Advisors regime. The Muslim papers have regarded the matter. The Muslim paper continue to ask for the release of Allama Mashriqi.
The demand for the control of prices still continue in the local press. It is emphasized that the measurement far adopted are not sufficient”.[No. P.25 H(S)/41, HOME DEPARTMENT (SPECIAL), SIND Secretariat, Karachi, Report for the second half of December 1941, 6th January , 1942.]
December 31st: : Under the auspicious of “Sindhi Sudhar Society” poetic sitting(Mushaira) is held at Larkana, and so many local poets participated. Poetry sent by various poets of Sindh and poetry and presented was published in next issue of “Adeeb Sindh” and sitting was presided by Ali Gohar Khan Yakta. [Gul Hayat Collection]
1941:
Moulvi Khuda Bux Bhutto son of Moulvi Nizamuddin Bhutto of village Edan Bhutto breathed his last. He got religious education from Moulvi Qazi Usman, Moulvi Yar Muhammad Rajanpuri and started imparting education. He took active part in Khulafat Tabrik. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
1941:
Mohan Seth Pessumal crossed the International Date line and was granted a certificate by Pan American Airways.He was son of Seth Pessumal Muichand, Land Lord and Zamindar and a fine sportsman of Bhaibund community. He was Billiard player and was the Champion of Billiard of Bhaibund Club 1942. He was a Fellow of Theosophical Society. As a manager of his firm of Messrs. Pohoomall Brothers (Europe) he visited many important towns and cities of East and XVest.He took keen interest in the welfare of his community and was the Secretary of the Social Welfare Committee of Young Bhaibunds. The text of the statement is available in the Gul Hayat Institute and also published on website www.drpathan.com .
